Finals: Gait Flashcards
During the swing phase, deceleration stage, which muscles contract to slow down the knee in the swing phase just prior to heel strike, thus, permitting the heel to strike quietly in a controlled manner?
a) Gluteus medius
b) Gluteus maximus
c) Quadriceps
d) Hamstring
d) Hamstring
Phase of gait when the reference limb’s toe lifts off the ground, preparing for the swing phase, and ends with contralateral initial contact.
Toe Off
A patient has normal quadriceps strength but unilateral weakness (3/5) of the hamstring muscles on the right.
What might the therapist observe during swing phase of the gait?
A. Excessive compensatory hip extension an the sound side
B. Decrease hip flexion followed by increased knee flexion on the weak side
C. Excessive hip extension followed by abrupt knee extension on the weak side
D. Excessive hip flexion followed by abrupt knee extension on the weak side
D. Excessive hip flexion followed by abrupt knee extension on the weak side
*pag weak ang hamstrings mawawala knee flex so pweds D
Phase of Gait: Pre-swing to Initial Swing
Function: Plays a role in lifting the leg during the early swing phase.
Iliopsoas:
Phase of gait where body weight is rapidly transferred onto the lead limb from the trailing limb, ending when the opposite limb lifts from the ground for swing (Toe Off).
Loading Response
Phase of gait where the body’s stable limb passes directly over the reference limb on the ground for swing, bearing all of the body weight.
Midstance
Phase of gait when the reference limb’s toe is in contact with the ground, preceding the initial swing phase.
Pre-Swing
Two Phases of Gait
Stance phase (60-65% of the gait cycle) when the foot is on the ground and bearing weight, and Swing phase (45-40% of the gait cycle) when the foot is not bearing weight.
Phase of gait when the reference limb leaves the ground, marking the end of the swing phase and coinciding with contralateral initial contact.
Terminal Swing
Includes Initial Swing, Midswing, and Terminal Swing, each representing different movements of the swinging limb.
Swing Phase
Single Limb vs Double Limb Support
Single Limb vs Double Limb Support
A physical therapist examines several distance and time parameters
associated with gait. Which finding would be MOST anticipated when
comparing in an 18 month old to walking in an older child (7 years
old)?
A. An older child would exhibit decreased step length
B. An older child would exhibit decreased stride length
C. An older child would exhibit decreased cadence
D. An older child would exhibit decreased walking velocity
D. An older child would exhibit decreased walking velocity
*hindi ko alam tbh
Measure from one heel strike to the next of the same foot.
Normal: Around 28 inches.
Step Length:
Phase of gait when the reference limb leaves the ground, comprising Terminal Swing, Pre-Swing, and Initial Swing.
Swing Phase
Supports the head, arms, and trunk while maintaining a semirigid lower limb, ensuring upright posture, balance, foot clearance, and generating mechanical energy for forward propulsion.
Function of Gait
While doing gait analysis, you notice that your patient has a problem with insufficient knee flexion during swing, all of the following are likely causes, EXCEPT?
A.) quadriceps spasticity
B.) hamstring weakness
C.) pain or decreased ROM of the knee
D.) weak plantarflexor
D.) weak plantarflexor
Phase of gait when the foot first contacts the ground, also known as Heel Strike.
Initial Contact
Phase of gait where the heel or other part of the foot contacts the ground, marking the beginning of the stance phase.
Heel Strike
Includes Initial Contact, Loading Response, Midstance, Terminal Stance, and Pre-Swing, where each subphase has specific weight-bearing and movement characteristics.
Stance Phase
Linear distance between the center of the heels of two consecutive foot contacts.
Normal: 5-10 cm (2-4 inches).
Step Width
