tissues, organs and systems

Question 1

tissues

Answer 1

teams of cells similar in structure that work together to perform a specific limited function (connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous)

Question 2

epithelial tissue

Answer 2

sheets of tightly packed cells
function: protection, lining of cavaties, secretion and absorption, covers surface of the body
e.g. simple squamous, simple columnar

Question 3

muscle tissue

Answer 3

bundles of long cells that can shorten or contact to produce movement
function: allows for movement as muscles contract and relax
e.g. skeletal, smooth, cardiac

Question 4

connective tissue

Answer 4

different types of cells that joins and connects various tissue types
function: provides support, insulation, holds part of the body together and fills empty space
e.g. blood, fat, bone

Question 5

nervous tissue

Answer 5

various cells with long, thin branches that conduct electrical signals; send and receive messages
function: communication, sensory and coordination
e.g. nerves throughout the body, in the brain and spinal cord

Question 6

organs

Answer 6

structures made of different tissues working together to carry out a complex function

Question 7

organ system

Answer 7

a group of organs that work together to perform a major bodily function

Question 8

major organs of the human body - liver

Answer 8

filters blood, breaks down toxins and produces bile

Question 9

major organs of the human body - pancreas

Answer 9

releases enzymes into the small intestine to digest food

Question 10

major organs of the human body - brain

Answer 10

controls and coordinates all body activities by sending and receiving messages

Question 11

major organs of the human body - kidneys

Answer 11

filters blood and produces urine

Question 12

major organs of the human body - bladder

Answer 12

stores urine

Question 13

integumentary system

Answer 13

major organs: skin, hair, nails, glands
function: covers and protects body

Question 14

skeletal system

Answer 14

major organs: bones, cartilage
function: supports body, assists movement, protects organs

Question 15

muscular system

Answer 15

major organs: muscle, tendons, ligaments
function: movement of limbs (work with bones), moves materials in body

Question 16

digestive system

Answer 16

major organs: mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver, pancreas
function: digestion of food and absorption of nutrients

Question 17

respiratory system

Answer 17

major organs: mouth, trachea, bronchitis, lungs, diaphragm
function: gas exchange, oxygen in, carbon dioxide out

Question 18

circulatory system

Answer 18

major organs: heart vessels
function: transports nutrients, oxygen and wastes throughout the body, defense against infection

Question 19

nervous system

Answer 19

major organs: brain, spinal cords, nerves
function: controls body functions, detects environmental changes and coordinates responses and activities by sending signals

Question 20

endocrine system

Answer 20

major organs: glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes
function: controls body growth and functions with hormones

Question 21

excretory system

Answer 21

major organs: skin, kidney, bladder, ureter, uretha, liver
function: eliminates waste from body

Question 22

reproductive system

Answer 22

major organs: ovaries, vagina, uterus, fallopian tubes; testes, penis, vas deferens
function: reproduction (offspring)

Question 23

lymphatic/immune system

Answer 23

major organs: white blood cells, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes
function: protects body from disease (immune function), fluid balance

Question 24

3 different types of muscle

Answer 24

smooth, skeletal and cardiac

Question 25

smooth muscle

Answer 25

• completely involuntary; the brain cannot change the movement of patterns in these muscle tissues
• forms the muscular layers around the wlala of hollow organs like those found in the digestive tract, as well as the walls of the bladder, uterus, blood vessels and ducts of glands
• allows organs to stretch and contract as needed

Question 26

skeletal muscle

Answer 26

• most abundant tissue in the human body
• connects to the bome via tendons
• responsible for all controlled movements of the body

Question 27

cardiac muscle

Answer 27

• only found in the heart
• has properties of both smooth and skeletal muscle
• like smooth muscle tissue, cardiac muscle is involuntary
• cardiac muscle is striated like skeletal muscle (muscle cells overlap and appear striped under a microscope)

Question 28

which type of muscle is involuntary

Answer 28

smooth and cardiac

Question 29

What does it mean for a muscle to be involuntary?

Answer 29

the brain cannot change the movement patterns of these muscle tissues

Question 30

How are smooth muscle and cardiac muscle the same?

Answer 30

both involuntary

Question 31

How are skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle the same?

Answer 31

both striped or “striated”

Question 32

organization of living organisms

Answer 32

organelles —> cells —> tissues —> organs —> organ systems