plants

Question 1

what is a plant

Answer 1

multi-cellular; made up of more than one cell
locomotion; cannot move
produce own food through photosynthesis

Question 2

chlorophyll

Answer 2

a pigment in chloroplast that absorbs light for photosynthesis

Question 3

photosynthesis

Answer 3

process that converts light into a chemical form of energy (sugars)

light energy + carbon dioxide + water —> glucose + oxygen

Question 4

cellular respiration

Answer 4

process used to convert chemical energy (sugars) and convert it to a usable form (ATP)

glucose + oxygen —> carbon dioxide + water + energy (ATP)

Question 5

plant stem cells

Answer 5

meristematic cells: undifferentiated cells that can form specialized cells in plants
found at the tips of roots and stems

Question 6

three types of plant tissues

Answer 6

dermal tissue, ground tissue, vascular tissue

Question 7

dermal tissue

Answer 7

outermost covering of plant, used for protection and prevention of water loses

Question 8

ground tissue

Answer 8

photosynthesis, support for plant body (food storage, regeneration, protection)

Question 9

vascular tissue

Answer 9

transports water, nutrients and sugars within the plant

Question 10

two plant organ systems

Answer 10

the root system, the shoot system

Question 11

root system

Answer 11

includes all roots below the surface of the ground

Question 12

the shoot system

Answer 12

includes stem, leaves, fruit
photosynthesis
flowers (reproductiom)

Question 13

function of the roots

Answer 13

absorb water snd minerals from soil, store energy, anchors plant to the ground

Question 14

root hairs

Answer 14

epidermal cells that grow into soil; increase surface area to absorb water

Question 15

function of the leaf

Answer 15

photosynthesis (takes place in chloroplast)
leaves can be adapted for support, protection, reproduction and attraction

Question 16

leaf anatomy - cuticle

Answer 16

waxy layer that reduces the amount of water lost through evaporation

Question 17

leaf anatomy - epidermal cells (lower/upper)

Answer 17

protection of inner leaf structures

Question 18

leaf anatomy - palisade cells

Answer 18

perform majority of photosynthesis - contains lots of chloroplasts and mitochondria (arranged to optimize sun exposure)

Question 19

leaf anatomy - spongy mesophyll (parenchyma) cella

Answer 19

loosely packaged cells, space between contains gases required for photosynthesis

Question 20

leaf anatomy - stoma (plural: stomata)

Answer 20

pores that allow gases to enter and leave the leaf

Question 21

leaf anatomy - guard cells

Answer 21

control the opening of the stoma

Question 22

function of the flower

Answer 22

sexual reproduction; after fertilization, the ovary develops into a fruit and the embryo are the seeds

Question 23

flower anatomy - peduncle

Answer 23

the stalk of the flower

Question 24

flower anatomy - receptacle

Answer 24

part of the flower stalk wheee parts of flower are attached

Question 25

flower anatomy - sepal

Answer 25

outer parts of the flower (often green and leaf-like) that enclose developing bud

Question 26

flower anatomy - petal

Answer 26

modified leaves that are typically colourful to attract pollinators

Question 27

flower anatomy - stamen

Answer 27

male part of the flower; filament supported by anther (produces pollen)

Question 28

flower anatomy - pistil

Answer 28

female part of the flower; ovary attached to long style that leads to stigma (place where pollen germinates)

Question 29

function of the stem

Answer 29

1. physical support of the plant (keeps plants upright)
2. transportation of water, nutrients and sugars
3. may store food, perform photosynthesis or reproduction
4. contain majority of plant’s vascular tissue

Question 30

vascular tissue in stem

Answer 30

xylem: transports water and minerals in the plant; fortified with lignin (support) (travels in only one direction)

phloem: transports sugars in the plant (two-way flow)

Question 31

similarities of plant and animal systems

Answer 31

both organisms undergo cellular respiration

Question 32

comparing plants and animal systems: plants

Answer 32

• Vascular bundles (xylem and phloem) carry water, sugars and nutrients
• Perform photosynthesis
• Dermal tissue controls entry into and out of plant

Question 33

comparing plants and animal systems: animals

Answer 33

• Blood containing nutrients and oxygen is pumped through veins and arteries
• Digestive system involved with obtaining food
• Nervous and musculoskeletal systems