respiratory system

Question 1

function of respiratory system

Answer 1

gas exchange
- take in oxygen, release carbon dioxide

Question 2

why do animals need oxygen

Answer 2

animal use oxygen to make energy from the food they eat. we take in oxygen from the air

Question 3

pathway for air

Answer 3

nose and mouth —> pharynx —> larynx —> trachea —>bronchi —> bronchioles —> lungs (alveoli)

Question 4

mouth and nose

Answer 4

air enters through the mouth a nose. nose hairs help filter out particles (e.g. dust)

Question 5

pharynx

Answer 5

helps to warm the air

Question 6

larynx (voice box)

Answer 6

contains vocal cords needed to speak and make sounds

Question 7

trachea, bronchi and bronchioles

Answer 7

to conduct air from the mouth to the lungs
structure: flexible tube either rings of cartilage that help keep the airway open, contains smooth muscle that is able to change the size of the airway

Question 8

function of lung

Answer 8

breathing, gas exchange (oxygen in, carbon dioxide out)

Question 9

lung location

Answer 9

chest cavity; 2 lungs enclosed by ribs

Question 10

structure of the lung

Answer 10

made up of alveoli (ting air sacs with thin walls where gas exchange takes place), alveoli is surrounded by capillaries, where oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged through diffusion

Question 11

how oxygen moves from alveoli to the blood

Answer 11

diffusion

Question 12

diffusion

Answer 12

the movement of substances from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration

Question 13

concentration

Answer 13

amount of substance in a given volume

Question 14

diaphragm

Answer 14

dome shape muscle, controls breathing by changing the pressure in the chest when it contracts and relaxes

Question 15

how we breathe in

Answer 15

inhalation

Question 16

inhalation

Answer 16

drawing air into the lungs
- rib cage rises and diaphragm contracts and flattens (moves down)
- size of chest cavity increases, cresting empty space in the chest cavity (less pressure)
- air rushes into lungs to fill the empty space

Question 17

how we breathe out

Answer 17

exhalation

Question 18

exhalation

Answer 18

air leaves the lungs
- rib cage lowers and diaphragm relaxes into dome shape (moves up)
- size of chest cavity decreases (higher pressure)
- air moves out of lungs to environment

Question 19

control of breathing

Answer 19

• The concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood controls our drive to breathe
• When the CO2 increases in the blood, the brain sends signals to the diaphragm, and rib muscles to increase the respiratory rate
• Increased respiratory rates will decrease the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood