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ANATOMY Q1 > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Cells arranged around central canals within bone matrix

A

osteocytes

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2
Q

Matrix ground substance (cartilage) is made up of

A

chondroitin sulfates and glucosamine

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3
Q

The only connective tissue that is avascular

A

cartilage

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4
Q
A

embryonic connective tissues > mesenchyme (embryonic stem cells) + loose embryonic connective tissue

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5
Q

What is the connective tissue that connects to the epithelium?

A

Basal lamina

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6
Q

Muscle type(s) that have a single nucleus

A

cardiac and smooth

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7
Q

Muscle type(s) that is/are multinucleated

A

skeletal

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8
Q

Muscle type(s) that is/are striated

A

skeletal and cardiac

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9
Q

Connective tissue matrix consists of

A

ground substance (areolar, bone, cartilage, blood)

fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular)

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10
Q

Tendons, ligaments, aponeuroses (tissue type)

A

connective tissue - dense regular (parallel, one direction)

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11
Q

Muscle type(s) that are non-striated

A

smooth

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12
Q

Muscle type(s) that are involuntary

A

cardiac and smooth

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13
Q

What determines the characteristics of connective tissue?

A

ground substance

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14
Q

Cells in all mucous membranes

A

goblet cells

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15
Q

Ground substance of connective is made up of what four elements?

A

Blood (like water)

Areolar (hyaluronic acid - viscous) (joint fluid)

Cartilage (chondroitin and glucosamine)

Bone (calcium salt)

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16
Q

The connective tissue matrix is made up of?

A

Ground substance and fibers (collagen, elastic, reticular)

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17
Q

Cells that make up cartilage

A

chondroblasts

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18
Q

What is connective tissue made of?

A

Cells and Matrix (ground substance + fibers)

connective tissue proper (cells, fibers, gelatinous ground substance)

supportive connective tissue (cells, fibers, solid ground substance)

fluid connective tissue (watery matrix)

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19
Q

Areolar tissue consists of what two fibers

A

collagen and elastic

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20
Q

Formed elements of blood

A

RBC, WBC, platelets

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21
Q

Supportive connective tissue

A

bone and cartilage

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22
Q

Three types of cartilage

A

hyaline (most common)

fibrous

elastic

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23
Q

Types of connective tissue fibers

A

collagen (force one direction - tendons and ligaments) elastic (return to original - ligaments of vertebrae) reticular (force many directions - organs)

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24
Q

Serous membranes - ventral cavity (tissue type)

A

simple squamous epithelial AND areolar

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25
Q

Cells that make up blood

A

hematopoietic stem cells

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26
Q

Three classifications of connective tissue

A

connective (connect & protect) fluid (transport) supportive (structure)

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27
Q

Two types of embryonic connective tissue

A

mesenchyme (stem cells)

mucous (loose connective tissue)

28
Q

Cells that make up bone

A

osteoblasts

29
Q

Scattered cells of areolar

A

fibroblast and mast cells

30
Q

Cutaneous membrane

A

epidermal layer (keratinized stratified squamous)

outer papillary layer (aerolar)

31
Q

First connective tissue in embryos

A

mesechyme (embryonic stem cells)

32
Q

Type of connective tissue - skin, cartilages, bones, capsules around organs

A

dense irregular

33
Q

Tissue type of synovial membranes (moving, articulating, joint cavity lining)

A

mostly areolar (produces synovial fluid)

34
Q

Types of connective proper cells (connect and protect)

A

fibroblasts (hyaluronan) fibrocytes (maintains fibers) macrophages (clean up pathogens) adipocytes (fat) mesenchymal (stem cells) melanocytes (melanin) mast cells (histamine / heparin) lymphocytes (plasma cells) microphages (neutrophils / eosinophils)

35
Q

Ground substance that is like water

36
Q
A

areolar; made up of collagen and elastic fibers + scattered fibroblast and mast cells

37
Q

Covers bone surfaces

A

periosteum

38
Q

What are the three things that connective tissue provides?

A

Structure (bone)

Energy (fat)

Transport (blood)

39
Q

Ground substance of cartilage is made of

A

chondroitin and glucosamine

40
Q

Three fibers make up connective tissue

A

Collagen, elastic, reticular

41
Q

Type of cartilage that reduces friction between bones

A

hyaline (joints, rib, sternum, trachea)

42
Q

Type of scattered cells in areolar

A

fibroblast and mast cells

43
Q

Fibrous cartilage is found

A

knee, pubic, vertebrae

44
Q

Ground substance of bone is made of what that makes it hard

A

calcium salts

45
Q

In connective tissue, there are few cells in

A

ground substance

46
Q

Two characteristics of connective tissue

A

vascular (EXCEPT cartilage) and innervated

47
Q

Four types of membranes

A

mucous

serous

cutaneous

synovial

48
Q

reticular (loose connective tissue)

A

supports parenchyma

spleen, liver, lymph nodes, bones marow

49
Q

Type of cartilage that is supportive but bends easily

50
Q

Fluid connective tissue

A

watery matrix with dissolved proteins

blood - RBC, WBC, platelets

51
Q

Three serous membranes

A

pleura

pericardium

peritoneum

52
Q

Type of cartilage that limits movements and prevents bone to bone contact

53
Q

Three types of loose connective tissue (in adults)

A

areolar (collagen and elastic fibers) adipose reticular

54
Q

Tissue found under epithelium

55
Q

Three types of muscle tissue

A

skeletal cardiac smooth

56
Q

Ground substance always below the epithelium

57
Q

Three levels of serous membrane

A

transudate

mesothelium

areolar

58
Q

areolar (viscous ground substance)

A

hyaluronic acid

59
Q

Where would you find elastic cartilage?

A

ear and epiglottis

60
Q

Type of scattered cells in cartilage

A

chondrocytes

61
Q

Serous membrane internal and external portions that line

A

parietal - out

visceral (serosa) - in

62
Q

Ground substance is made up of what cells

A

blood, areolar, cartilage, bone

63
Q

Cells that make up connective tissue proper

A

fibroblasts

64
Q

Ground substance of areolar is made of

A

hyaluronic acid (make viscous)

65
Q

Types of dense connective tissue

A

dense regular (parallel - one direction)

dense irregular (network - many directions)

elastic tissue

ANATOMY Q1 (14 decks)

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