Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards
The heart wall is comprised of what three layers
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
endocardium tissue type
simple squamous endothelium
aveolar tissue
myocardium tissue type
cardiac muscle cells
connective tissue
concentric layers
two divisions of ventricular myocardium
epicardium tissue type
serous membrane
covers the heart (aka visceral pericardium)
mesothelium
areolar tissue
gap junctions in the heart
need for even distribution of Ca++ for uniform contraction
desmosomes in the heart
provide strength, allows cardiac muscle to contract and relax together
viscercal pericardium is also known as
epicardium
parietal pericardium
dense fibrous layer
areolar tissue
mesothelium
cardiac muscle tissue
intercalated discs (interconnect muscle cells)
striated
single nucleus
intercalated discs
interconnect cardiac muscle cells secured by desmosomes linked by gap junctions convey force of contraction propagate muscle potentials
cardiac muscle cells
small size
single, central nucleus
branching interconnections between cells
intercalated discs
blood vessels include
arteries, veins, capillaries
all veins travel
return blood to the heart (with the exception of the portal vein)
all arteries travel
move blood away from the heart
smallest branches of arteries
arterioles
smallest blood vessels
capillaries
collect blood from capillaries
venules
tunica intima (tissue type)
inner layer
simple squamous endothelial lining
areolar CT layer
internal elastic membrane (arteries only) - binds to media
tunica media (tissue type)
middle layer
concentric sheets of sheets of smooth muscle, involuntary binds to inner (intima) and outer (externa) layers
external elastic membrane (arteries only) - binds to externa
tunica externa (tissue type)
dense, irregular CT or fibrous CT
arteries - contains collagen and elastic fibers
veins - contains elastic fibers, smooth muscle cells (lack internal/external elastic fibers)
vessels of vessels
vasa vasorum
small arteries and veins in the walls of larger arteries and veins
vasa vasorum
supplies nutrients to the tunica media and tunica externa
vasa vasorum
tunica media larger than tunica externa in what type of vessel
artery
tunica externa larger than tunica media in what type of vessel
vein
internal and external elastic membranes are absent in what vessel
veins
