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ANATOMY Q1 > ANS > Flashcards

ANS Flashcards

1
Q

part of the nervous system that can generate parasympathetic signals

A

craniosacral > brain stem and sacrum

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2
Q

parasympathetic synapse length

A

presynaptic (LONG)

postsynaptic (SHORT)

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3
Q

enteric nervous system is increasingly being considered as a separate component of the

A

visceral nervous system

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4
Q

ganglia and peripheral nerves originate from

A

neural crest

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5
Q

sympathetic synapse length

A

presynaptic (SHORT)

postsynaptic (LONG)

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6
Q

cell bodies (postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons of the trunk) are located

A

in or on the structure being innervated

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7
Q

norepinephrine is released from the parasympathetic or sympathetic ganglionic fibers

A

sympathetic (long > target)

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8
Q

diaphragm is innervated from

A

cervical plexus

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9
Q

the sympathetic nervous system primarily regulates

A

blood vessels

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10
Q

somatic motor system supplies

A

skeletal muscle

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11
Q

parasympathetic

A

rest and digest

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12
Q

cell body that innverates the somatic motor system is located in

A

anterior gray horn

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13
Q

cell bodies (postsynaptic parasympathetic neurons of the head) are

A

organized into discrete ganglia

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14
Q

preganglionic fiber in the parasympathetic is short or long

A

long

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15
Q

cell bodies that innervate the ANS are located

A

lateral horn of the spinal cord (preganglionic)

ganglion (postganglionic)

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16
Q

what are the three sacral nerves (of the thoracolumbar)

A

sacral (S2-S4) - reproductive organs and urinary bladder

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17
Q

brain and spinal cord originate from

A

neural tube

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18
Q

homeostasis carried by two systems

A

endocrine and nervous system

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19
Q

ANS vs Somatic

A

2 motor neurons vs 1 motor neuron

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20
Q

the sympathetic nervous system facilitates

A

emergency flight or flight responses

21
Q

an example of antagonist effects of dual control

A

heart (same effector): speeds up or down

iris (different effector): pupillary dilator or constrictor

22
Q

cell bodies (presynaptic neurons of parasympathetic divison) are in the gray matter of

A

the brain and sacral segments of the spinal cord

23
Q

part of the nervous system that can generate sympathetic signals

A

thoracolumbar > lumbar and thoracic (T1-L2)

24
Q

most nerves distributing AN fibers also convey

A

visceral sensory nerve fibers from the viscera and conduct impulses for pains and reflexes

25
Q

what connects the CNS with an end organ (smooth muscle, gland, modified cardiac muscle)

A

two neurons, presynaptic and a postsynaptic fiber

26
Q

the ANS controls

A

functions of the body not under conscious control

27
Q

What controls the ANS?

A

the hypothalamus

28
Q

hypothalamus also controls

A

hunger, thirst, thermoregulation, emotions and sexuality

29
Q

where do the presynaptic nerve fibers terminate in

A

sympathetic ganglia (formed of the cell bodies of postsynaptic sympathetic neurons)

30
Q

sympathetic

A

fight or flight

31
Q

control without dual innervation

A

blood pressure

32
Q

enteric nervous system includes

A

postsynaptic parasympathetic and

other neurons that serve the GI tract

33
Q

the parasympathetic system is distributed only to (4 places)

A

viscera of the head
viscera of the neck
cavities of the trunk
erectile tissues of the genitalia

34
Q

most nerves distributing autonomic nerve fibers > body cavities, also convey

A

visceral sensory nerve fibers from the viscera that conduct impulses for pain or reflexes

35
Q

ANS has what type of innervation

A

dual (excitatory and inhibitory)

36
Q

preganglionic neuron (sympathetic and parasympathetic) is located in the

A

CNS

37
Q

divisions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic have

A

opposite but coordinated effects

38
Q

the ANS is a subdivision of the

A

motor nervous system

39
Q

preganglionic fiber in the sympathetic is short or long

A

short

40
Q

main neurotransmitter released from preganglionic neurons

A

acetylcholine

41
Q

where are the sympathetic ganglia located

A 
sympathetic trunks (paravertebral ganglia) or 
abdominal aorta (prevertebral ganglia) - around the roots of the major branches
42
Q

presynaptic cell bodies of the sympathetic division are found

A

only in the interomediolateral cell columns of gray matter in the thoracolumbar spinal cord, organized somatotopically

43
Q

the ANS can be divided into two subdivisions

A

sympathetic and parasympathetic

44
Q

somatic nervous system controlled by

A

motor cortex

45
Q

what are the four major cranial nerves (of the craniosacral)

A

cranial III, VII, IX, X (3,7,9,10) - occulomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

46
Q

ANS supplies

A

smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, glands

47
Q

the parasympathetic system is involved with

A

body conservation and often reverses the effects of sympathetic stimulation

48
Q

norepinephrine and epinephrine are released from the parasympathetic or sympathetic ganglionic fibers

A

sympathetic (short > blood vessel > target)

49
Q

two places where sympathetic and parasympathetic cooperate

A

1) salivary glands

2) sexual intercourse

ANATOMY Q1 (14 decks)

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