Tissues Flashcards
Tissues
A group of cells w/similar function and structure
4 types of tissues
Connective, epithelial, muscle and nervous
Cytology
Study of cells
Histology
Microscopic study of tissues
Epithelial tissue
Sheets of cells, cover internal and external surfaces, forms glands
Functions of epithelial tissue
Protect, diffusion/filtration, secretion/excretion/absorption, sensory
Basal cell
Base membrane that connects the epithelial cells to the connective tissue
Cell connections
Tight junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions
Tight junctions
Membranes fuse; water tight
Desmosomes
Strong adhesion; Velcro
Gap junctions
Channels between cells
Hemidesmosomes
Between the cell and basement membrane; attach a cell to extra cellular structures
How to classify epithelial tissue
How many layers?
Shape of he cell on the exposed surface
Simple
One layer of cells
Stratified
More than one layer of cells
Squamous
Squished or flattened cells
Cuboidal
Cube shaped cells
Columnar
Tall column like cells with the nucleus lined up
Transitional
Found in the urinary tract
Ciliated pseudostratified columnar
Respiratory tract
Glands
Make and discharge secretions; endocrine & exocrine
Exocrine glands
Act locally; have ducts; have secretory units
Alveolar/acinar
Rounded or bulb shape
Tubular
Test tube shape
Endocrine glands
No ducts; secrete hormones into blood stream
Goblet cells
Secretes mucus
Connective tissue
Connects, protects, supports, stores energy, transports
Connective tissue characteristics
Composed of cells, fibers and ground substances
Matrix
Made of fibers and ground substances
Ground substance
Glycosaminoglycan
Fibers(proteins)
Collagen
Reticular
Elastic
Fixed tissue
Fibroblasts
Reticular cell
Adipose
Wandering cells
Leukocytes(white blood cells)
Mast cells
Macrophages
Connective tissue proper
Loose
Dense
Specialized connective tissue
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Loose connective tissue
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
Dense connective tissue
Regular
Irregular
Elastic
