Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What is the cardiovascular system?
Heart, blood and blood vessels
Cardiovascular components
Heart
Blood vessels
Blood
What makes up the blood vessels
Arteries, veins and capillaries
Where is the heart located
In the mediastinum within its own cavity
Where is the ventral mediastinum
Between ribs 3-7; almost entirely surrounded by lungs
Cardiac notch
Area on the right side exposed to chest wall( no lungs surrounding)
Pericardial sac in cattle
Is in contact w/touches the diaphragm
Base
The wider part of the heart toward the top/more cranial
Apex
Pointier part of the heart towards the bottom;consists mostly of the left ventricle
Fibrous pericardium
Separated from visceral pericardium by a space
Visceral pericardium
Epicardium
3 layers of the heart wall
Epicardium-outermost layer
Myocardium-the heart muscle itself
Endocardium-inner most layer; lines the chamber walls
Grooves
Coronary groove
Interventricular groove
Coronary groove
Groove around the base of the heart to superficially separate the two atria from the two ventricles
Interventricular groove
Comes down from the coronary groove at an angle to superficially separate the two ventricles
Red blood vessels
Blood is well oxygenated;arterial
Blue blood vessels
Blood is not well oxygenated; venous
Cranial and caudal vena cava
Responsible for bringing venous blood FROM the body TO the right atrium
Pulmonary arteries
Responsible for bringing blood FROM the right ventricle TO the lungs. This artery starts as one “trunk” and splits in two
Pulmonary veins
Responsible for bringing blood FROM the lungs TO the left atrium
Aorta
Responsible for bringing blood FROM the left ventricle TO the rest of the body( not lungs)
Heart chambers
R side-deals w/deoxygenated blood
L side- deals w/oxygenated blood
Right atrium
Main chamber
Auricle
Blood flow: cranial/caudal vena cava
Right ventricle
Blood flows from RA to RV; RV recieves the deoxygenated blood and pumps it into the pulmonary artery for the blood to become oxygenated in the lungs
Left atrium
Freshly oxygenated blood comes from the lungs into the left atrium via pulmonary veins
Left Ventricle
Bloood flows from LA to LV and then on to the aorta; then goes to the body
Coronary circulations
Blood flow to the heart not through
Coronary arteries
Interventricular coronary veins
Coronary sinus
Coronary sinus
Opening through which venous blood from IVV can flow into the RA
Septum’s
Walls that separate chambers of the heart
Interatrail septum
Septum between 2 atria
Interventricular septum
Septum between 2 ventricles
Valves
Aid the flow of blood in the correct direction by opening and closing
