Cells Anatomy Flashcards
Cyto
Cell
Plasma membrane
Contains the phospholipid bilayer
Integral protein
Span the width of the membrane; create protein channels
Peripheral proteins
On inner surface or outer surface; enzymes; catalyzing; attached to cytosine
Glycocalyx
Sugar coating
Glycoproteins
Attach to sugars on outer surface of cell
Glycolipids
Attach to lipids and sugar
Cell adhesion
Stick to other cells or things in extra cellular space
Membrane receptors
Binding sites; hormones and chemical messengers
Cytoplasm
Contains cytosol, organelles and cytoskeleton
Nucleus
Control center of the cells
Nuclear membrane/envelope
Surrounds the nucleus;has pores
Nucleolus
Where ribosomes are made
Nuclei acids
DNA & RNA
Chromatin
98% DNA & proteins(histones)
Organelles
Tiny structures that do all the work in the cell
Mitochondria
Powerhouse of the cell; makes ATP
ATP
Adenosine triphosphate; energy
Ribosomes
Protein factory;2 units; free in cytoplasm or attached to endoplasmic reticulum
Protein synthesis
Assemble amino acids
Endoplasmic reticulum
The transport system of the cell
Rough ER
Ribosomes attach; protein transport & modifies
Smooth ER
No ribosomes attach; lipid synthesis & storage
Golgi Apparatus
Package & distributes proteins and lipids made by ER;packaged into vesicles(blister like)
Lysosomes
Specialized vesicles(enzymes)
Centrioles
Hang in pairs then split to make spindle fiber in mitosis
Cilia
Moves things across cell surface(tiny hairs)
Microvilli
Increase the surface area
Flagella
Propel the cell (propeller)
