tissues Flashcards
tissue
group of cells that perform the same function
4 types of tissues
epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous
what is epithelial
covers surfaces
specializes in protection, absorption and secretion
describe how the epithelial works in the areas it specializes in
protection: dehydration, trauma
absorption: nutrients
secretion: sweat
describe polarity of epithelial
polarity diff at each end: apical end (free surface that faces out the body) and basal end (attaches to underlying connective tissues)
tight junctions and desmosomes
connections between cells
microvilli
projections on apical end that inc absorption (digestive)
cilia
appendages that beat in unison across cell surfaces to move and push out debris (respiratory tract)
basement membrane
layer on bottom, glues epithelial to connective
goblet cells
synthesize and secrete mucous
avascular
epithelial is avascular and doesn’t have blood vessels
regenerative
high rate of cell division –> sheds and creates new coat
innervated
supplied by nerves
what are the characteristics of epithelial
- tight junctions and desmosomes
- microvilli and cilia
- regenerative
- innervated
- avascular
- basement membrane
what is connective tissue
support an connect body parts
what is a matrix and ground substance
matrix: ground substance and extrecellular (A large network of proteins and other molecules that surround, support, and give structure to cells and tissues in the body)
ground sub: gel-like substance in the extracellular space that contains all components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) between cells
what are extracellular fibers and what do they do
provide support and make matrix less pliable
collagen: tough, provide strength
elastic: stretch and recoil
reticular: form delicate network or mesh
what do these words mean: blast, cyte, fibro, chondro
blast: young cells actively synthesizing/secreting matrix
cyte: mature cells in maintenance and repair
fibro: cells of connective tissue
chondro: cartilage
what are the 3 types of connective tissue and describe them
proper, fluid, support
what are the types of cells in areolar CT
fibroblasts: synthesize matrix of areolar CT
macrophages: phagocytic cells of the immune system
lymphocytes: cells of the immune system
adipocytes: cells that store fat
heparin
anticoagulant
chondroblast or chondrocyte
cartilage cells that don’t divide
difference between endocrine gland and exocrine gland
endocrine: secrete products into ECF (hormones)
exocrine: secrete products onto surface
What is muscle tissue
parallel elongated cells that contract due to contractile elements
