Tissue transplant

Question 1

autograft

Answer 1

graft from one anatomical location to another on the same individual

Question 2

isograft

Answer 2

transplant from one individual who is syngeneic to the donor/identical twins

Question 3

allograft

Answer 3

graft/transplant from one individual to a genetically dissimilar individual of same species

Question 4

xenogaft

Answer 4

graft/transplant between donor and recipient of different species

Question 5

first set rejection

Answer 5

the first graft from a particuular histoincompatible donor leads to rejection after 2 weeks

Question 6

second set rejection

Answer 6

the second graft from the same donor will be completely rejected within a week - immunological memory expressed

Question 7

hyperacute rejection

Answer 7

within hours. preformed antibodies -> activation complement cascade - >phagocytic recruitment

Question 8

acute rejection

Answer 8

days/week. t cell-mediated immunity.

Question 9

chronic rejection

Answer 9

month-years. activation of CD4+ cells

Question 10

TNF-B

Answer 10

cytotoxic to graft cells

Question 11

increase HLA class 1 expression

Answer 11

IFN-gamma, IFN-alpha/beta, TNF-alpha and TNF-beta

Question 12

corticosteroids

Answer 12

inhibit lymphocyte gene expression, down regulate adhesion receptors, inhibit phagocytosis and HLA molecule expression

Question 13

Antimetabolites

Answer 13

purine antagonists, DNA alkylating agents

Question 14

Blocking agents

Answer 14

monoclonal antibodies therapy against CD3 to block Tcell activation and against IL-2r.

Question 15

cyclosporine

Answer 15

interferes with gene transcription in T cells to include IL-2, IL-4, IFN-gamma, and IL-2r