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Pathology - Blood Module > Tissue Nematodes > Flashcards

Tissue Nematodes Flashcards

1
Q

Wuchereria bancrofti causes ____________

A

filariasis

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2
Q

What are the symptoms of filariasis?

A

fever
elephantiasis
lymphangitis
cellulitis

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3
Q

Where does immediate hypersensitivity occur in the body if there is filariasis?

A

Lungs

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4
Q

What happens in immediate hypersensitivity?

A

Eosinophilia and increased IgE tropical pulmonary eosinophilia

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5
Q

What are the two species of mosquitoes that spread Wuchereria bancrofti?

A

Anopheles

Culex

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6
Q

What does the infective female mosquito deposit when it bites the human in filariasis?

A

Larvae of Wuchereria bancrofti

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7
Q

Microfilariae of Wuchreria has a special characteristic?

A

Circulate in blood at night

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8
Q

What does a mosquito ingest when bites an infected person with wuchereria?

A

microfilariae

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9
Q

___________ causes filariasis in Malaysia

A

Brugia malayi

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10
Q

Brugia malayi causes filariasis in _________

A

Malaysia

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11
Q

Why are the symptoms of elephantiasis produced in filariasis?

A

Worms in the lymph nodes cause inflammation that eventually obstructs the lymph node.

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12
Q

__________ species are found intracellularly within filarial nematodes

A

Wolbachia

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13
Q

Wolbachia are rickettsia like bacteria that produces __________ and is thought to play a role in pathogenesis of filarial infections

A

endotoxin

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14
Q

___________ kills the Wolbachia, resulting in a reduction of microfilaria number and inflammation

A

Doxycycline

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15
Q

Tropical pulmonary eosinophilia is characterized by what symptoms?

A

Cough and wheezing, especially at night

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16
Q

Onchocerca volvulus causes ____________

A

onchocerciasis

17
Q

Toxocara canis and catis cause _______________

A

visceral larvae migrans

18
Q

Toxocara is spread in humans by _______ (animal)

A

Dog

19
Q

Explain the spread of toxocara

A

Worms in dog intestine → Lay eggs → pass in feces → soil gets contaminated → child ingest the soil → eggs hatch into larva → larva dies → granuloma is formed

20
Q

What are the clinical features of toxocara?

A

blindness
fever
hepatomegaly
eosinophilia

21
Q

What are the organs affected by toxocara?

A

Brain
Eyes
Liver
(Bel in dog’s neck)

22
Q

Humans are the ________ (definitive/secondary/reservoir/accidental) hosts

A

accidental

23
Q

How can we diagnose toxocara?

A

Detect larvae in tissues
Hypergammaglobulinemia
Eosinophilia

24
Q

How can we treat toxocara infection?

A

Albendazole
Mebendazole
It may resolve without treatment

25
Q

How can we prevent Toxocara from spreading?

A

Dogs should be dewormed

Children should be prevented from eating soil

26
Q

Ancylostoma species cause ____________

A

cutaneous larva migrans

27
Q

Dog hookworm → Ancylostoma _________

Cat hookworm → Ancylostoma __________

A

Caninum

Braziliense

Pathology - Blood Module (20 decks)

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