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Science for Med Revision > Tissue > Flashcards

Tissue Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Function of epithelial tissue?

A
  • Covers surfaces

- Separates compartments

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2
Q

What are desmosomes?

A

Cell-cell adhering junctions

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3
Q

Function of desmosomes?

A
  • Uniform movement

- Provides anchorage

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4
Q

What binds epithelial cells to the extracellular matrix (basal lamina)?

A

Hemidesmosomes

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5
Q

Function of epithelial cells in the gut?

A
  • Absorption through microvilli
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6
Q

Function of cilia?

A

Transportation of extracellular components (mucus)

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7
Q

Describe simple squamous epithelium

A
  • Single cell thick

- Flat cells

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8
Q

What are simple squamous epithelial cells good for?

A

Diffusion

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9
Q

Simple cuboidal epithelium?

A
  • Single cell thick

- Cuboid shape

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10
Q

Function of simple cuboidal epithelium?

A
  • Secretions

- Absorption

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11
Q

What structure will you find simple cuboidal epithelium?

A
  • Nephrons
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12
Q

Where are simple columnar epithelium found?

A
  • Lining of digestive tract
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13
Q

What do simple columnar epithelium usually have coming out of the axial layer?

A

Microvilli

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14
Q

Where in the body do you find stratified squamous epithelium?

A

Epidermis

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15
Q

Where in the body do you find stratified cuboidal?

A

Sweat gland ducts

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16
Q

Where in the body do you find stratified columnar?

A

Pharynx

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17
Q

What is the function of the stratified columnar cells in the pharynx?

A
  • Protection

- Secretion

18
Q

Name of the epithelial tissue in the liver?

A

Hepatocytes

19
Q

Function of the hepatocytes?

A
  • Secretion
  • Absorption
  • Lining of blood vessels and bile ducts
20
Q

Function of the epithelium found in the kidney?

A
  • Filtration

- Partial absorption of the filtrate

21
Q

Name of the specialised epithelium found in the bladder

A

Transitional stratified epithelium

22
Q

What can occur with problems from damage to the covering epithelium

A
  • Under/over secretion
  • Lack of cilia
  • Under/over proliferation
23
Q

What are endocrine glands?

A

Glands that secrete into the blood

24
Q

What are exocrine glands?

A

Glands that secrete onto their surface

25
Q

Two types of simple glands?

A
  • Tubular

- Acinar

26
Q

Example of a compound gland?

A

Tubuloacinar gland, salivary glands

27
Q

How do myoepithelial cells ensure secretion of a molecule?

A

They contract around the space where the secrete is to push it out

28
Q

Example of a disease caused by over secretion?

A
  • Pituitary gigantism

- Hyperthyrodism

29
Q

Example of a disease caused by under secretion

A
  • Pituitary dwarfism

- Hypothyroidism

30
Q

Two types of fibrous connective tissue?

A
  • Collagen

- Elastic fibres

31
Q

Structural characteristics of collagen?

A
  • Flexible
  • Inelastic
  • Very strong
32
Q

Structural characteristics of elastin?

A
  • Elastic
33
Q

What is elastin made of ?

A
  • Microfibrils

- An amorphous component

34
Q

What is ground substance?

A
  • Gel like substance
35
Q

What is ground substance made of?

A
  • Proteoglycans
  • Hyaluronic acid
  • Glycoproteins
36
Q

What is a proteoglycan?

A

Protein core surrounded by GAGs

37
Q

What is a glycoprotein?

A

Sugar covalently bonded to a protein

38
Q

2 names given to types of loose connective tissue?

A

Fixed

Transient

39
Q

Examples of fixed connective tissue?

A
  • Fibroblasts
  • Macrophages
  • Mast cells
  • Adipocytes
40
Q

Example of transient connective tissue?

A

Lymphocytes

41
Q

What disease can abnormal function of bone result in?

A
  • Osteoporosis
42
Q

What disease can abnormal function of blood result in?

A

Leukaemia

Science for Med Revision (29 decks)

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