Lipids 1

Question 1

Name the 4 lipid classes

Answer 1

• Phospholipids
• TAG’s
• Steroids
• Glycolipids

Question 2

What causes unsaturation of FA’s?

Answer 2

• C=C bonds cause a kink in the chain
• More bent
• More liquid

Question 3

How many carbons long can humans no longer produced C=C bonds

Answer 3

Carbon 9

Question 4

Name 2 essential FA’s

Answer 4

• Lineloic Acid

- Linelonic acid

Question 5

What does linelonic acid produce?

Answer 5

Omega 3 FA’s

Question 6

What is the role of omega 3 FA’s

Answer 6

Lowering LDL cholesterol

Question 7

What are bile salts?

Answer 7

• Emulsifiers

- Allow enzymes to break down digested FA’s

Question 8

What do lipids exist as in the blood?

Answer 8

Lipoproteins

Question 9

Where does chylomicron transport FA’s to and from?

Answer 9

• Small intestine to

- Adipose tissue

Question 10

VLDL?

Answer 10

Liver to tissue

Question 11

LDL

Answer 11

Tissue to blood vessels

Question 12

HDL

Answer 12

Tissue to liver

Question 13

How are TAG’s digested?

Answer 13

• Degraded to monoacylglycerol and 2 FA’s

- Absorbed through mucous cells in small intestine

Question 14

What is steatorrhea and who is most susceptible?

Answer 14

• Fatty faeces

- Cystic fibrosis sufferers

Question 15

Removal of what organ will reduce FA digestion?

Answer 15

Gall bladder as it produces bile

Question 16

How are TAG stores used in response to hunger?

Answer 16

• Epinephrine released
• HSL phosphorylated
• HSL then releases FA’s from TAG

Question 17

What does HSL stand for?

Answer 17

Hormone Sensitive Lipase

Question 18

How is HSL inhibited

Answer 18

High [blood glucose]

Question 19

How are dietary lipids transported following digestion?

Answer 19

• Packaged into chylomicron
• Transported to adipose tissue to be resynthesised into TAG

OR

• Transported in and released into the lymph

Question 20

What are chylomicron made of?

Answer 20

apoB-48

Question 21

What is contained in chylomicron?

Answer 21

Lipoprotein lipase

Question 22

What does lipoprotein lipase do in the chylomicron?

Answer 22

• Degrades TAG to glycerol and FA

Question 23

How are phospholipids digested?

Answer 23

Broken down into lysophospholipid and FA

Question 24

What are the uses of glycerol?

Answer 24

• Used in the liver to produce glycerol-3-phosphate which cane be used in glycolysis