tissue

Question 1

what r tisues??

Answer 1

made up of many cells which perform same function. helps in division of labour and prganised to form organs

Question 2

explain plant tissue

Answer 2

1. requires less energy
2. growth through out life but confined in some areas
3. many tissues are dead
4. stationary habit of plants
5. cant reproduce

Question 3

animal plants

Answer 3

1. require more energy
2. growth till maturity but not limited
3. many tissues are living
4. mobility habits of animal
5. can reproduce

Question 4

meristematic tissue

Answer 4

1. growth tissue
2. vacuoles are small and less in number
3. found in root tips, shoot tips, nodes and internodes
4. compact manner, no intercellular space
5. regeneration

Question 5

apical meristerm

Answer 5

• primary growth developing part
• present in root and shoot tips
• plumule => shoot and radical => root

Question 6

intercalery

Answer 6

• growth of no. of branches
• present in internodes and nodes
• making branch stable

Question 7

lateral meristerm

Answer 7

• growing of width and diameter of shoot and root
• present in bark layer ot root or shoot layer
• types - cambium (enter layer), cork (outermost prtection) and vascular(pradocues vasuclar tissues)

Question 8

permanent tissue

Answer 8

formed of meristematic tissues. they dont divide. they are differentiatited tissues.

Question 9

simple permanent tissue(supportive)

Answer 9

1. parenchyma - soft part of root and stem, loosly packed and hv cell wall, large anf central vacuole, stores food and transpiration, provides buoyancy to hydroplytes. xylem and phloyem.
2. collenchyme - found leaf stalk, cell wall is thick at some point coz of pectin(extracted from fruits), few chloroplasts, mechnical support.
3. sclenrenchyma - hard covering of seeds and nuts, cells are narrow and long, cell wall is lignified(hard as cement), provides strength and permanet support, exchnge of fluids thorugh pits in cell wall

Question 10

types of parenchyma

Answer 10

1. chlorenchyma - helps in photosynthesis and had chlorophyll
2. aerenchyma - allows to float and has large spaces. eg aquatic plants

Question 11

smiple permantnet tissues (protective)

Answer 11

epidermal cells - outermost layer, single layer, protection against water, formes stomata for exachnge of gases, no intercellular space.
in old plants epidermal ceel layer changed to dead cell layer.

Question 12

complex permanent tissues

Answer 12

collection of structural dessimilar cells performing a comman function. helps in tranportation on food and water

Question 13

explain pholem

Answer 13

phloem - transporting food, has tubes but no mechanical support.
* sieve tupes - tubular, pores, tine layer of cytoplasm
* sieve cells - long condulting
* compenion cells - small transporting food
* pholem fibers - mechanical strengh
* pholem paranchyma - thin wall, storage and lateral conduction of food

Question 14

explain xylem

Answer 14

1. xylem - transports water and minerals in upward direction.
   * tranchies - tubes like cell, lignified walla dn lack protoplasm.
   * vessels - long cylinders, lignified wall. stores food

Question 15

animal tissues

Answer 15

The animal cells are grouped together to form animal tissues. These tissues vary in their structure, function, and origin. The animal tissues are divided into epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues.

Question 16

epithelial tissues

Answer 16

1. squamous - protective sheet - covers organs continous and cosely packed, lack of blood supply, protection, excreation, absorption, division and regeneration. covering of tounge
2. columnar - plillar like, area pf secretionn and absorption. small instestine, stomatch, gall bladder, machanical support.
3. cubiodal - cube shaped cells, machenical strenght, absorption, excreation.

Question 17

muscular tissues

Answer 17

1. striated - stripped by dark and light connected to bones and aid in body movement. long unbranched, multi nucleus. in limbs. voluntary
2. smooth - unstraited,ingle nucleus, long and pointed ends. in blood vessels, respiratory, urinary bladders, iris. involuntary
3. cardiac muscles - single nucleus, strips of light and dark band, cylindrical with branches. in heart. involuntary

Question 18

connective and areolar tissue

Answer 18

connective tissues made of irragular cells, loosely packed, bind together, suppoter.
areolar - madeof collagen and elastin. in blood vessels, repain injury, angulph the dead cells.anitibodies are produced.

Question 19

types of connective tissues

Answer 19

1. adipose - fat layer, protects from direct injury, stores and releases energy, insulation from cold and dry.
2. blood - had fluid called plasma. RBC and WBC r present.
3. ligament - connects two bones at joints
4. tendons - connects bones to muscles
5. cartilage - smooths bones at joints. had matrix
6. areolar - between skin and muscles

Question 20

mascular tissues

Answer 20

• elongated cells
• also called muscular fibers
• helps in movement of body
• special protein called contractile
• contrction and relaxation while movement

Question 21

skeleton muscles

Answer 21

• mostly attached to bone
• helps in body movement
• light and dark bands
• also called striated muscles
• long, cylindrical, unbranchedand multinucleated

Question 22

smooth muscles

Answer 22

• contraction and relaxation of blood vessels
• involuntary muscles
• presents in iris and ureters and lungs
• long pointed ends and uninucleated
• unstriated

Question 23

cardiac muscles

Answer 23

• present in heart
• involuntary
• cylindrical, branched and uninucleated
• transmitting pulse rapidly from one to another