Tissue Flashcards
binds organs together, supports and protects body, stores energy
Connective
contractions cause movement; generate heat
Muscle
lines hollow organs; covers surfaces; forms glands, Avascular, highly innervated, high rate of mitosis
Epithelial
Avascular
cells nourished by diffusion from capillaries in connective tissue
Internal communication: detects changes in environment; generates response to maintain homeostasis
Nervous
single layer found where diffusion, absorption, secretion occurs
Simple
2 or more layers that have protective function
Stratified
appear to be stratified but only one layer
Pseudostratified
appear to be stratified but , when stretched, is 3 cells.
Transitional
squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Cell shape
TISSUE TYPES
Connective, Muscle, Epithelial, Nervous
EPITHELIUM LININGS/COVERS
Cells arranged in layers, Cell shape
Cells arranged in layers
- Simple
- Stratified
- Pseudostratified
- Transitional
Made of simple cuboidal epithelium
Glands
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
HISTOLOGY
matrix, cells
material that fills space between cells that contains: Ground Substance, and fibers
matrix
supports cells, provides exchange
medium between blood and cells
Ground substance
The 3 types of Fibers contain
Collagen, Elastin, Reticular
most abundant, high tensile strength to resist stress; wide diameter and rather translucent appearance
Collagen
found in lungs, blood vessels where stretching occurs; narrower diameter than collagen and take up
moderate dark stain.
Elastin
found in lungs, blood vessels where stretching occurs; narrower diameter than collagen and take up
moderate dark stain.
Elastin
very narrow fibers, take up most dark stain; found in spleen and lymph nodes.
Reticular
very narrow fibers, take up most dark stain; found in spleen and lymph nodes.
Reticular
each class has own cell type in immature and mature
form
ex. Osteoblast and osteocyte - bone
cells
cells and fibers suspended in a lot of ground substance. (Areolar and Adipose CT)
Loose Connective
cells and fibers suspended in a lot of ground substance. (Areolar and Adipose CT)
Loose Connective
mostly collagen fibers and few cells with little ground substance(Dense Regular and Irregular)
Dense connective
(If fibers are very parallel = “Regular)”
(If fibers and cells are dispersed = “Irregular”)
mostly collagen fibers and few cells with little ground substance(Dense Regular and Irregular)
Dense connective
(If fibers are very parallel = “Regular)”
(If fibers and cells are dispersed = “Irregular”)
chondrocytes in gel-like matrix (Hyaline, Elastic, Fibrocartilage)
Cartilage
osteocytes in calcified matrix (Compact and Spongy)
Bone
osteocytes in calcified matrix (Compact and Spongy)
Bone
only liquid tissue, plasma is matrix
Blood
Contains elongated cells called fibers
•Use ATP to generate force to produce movement (Highly vascular)
Muscle tissue
Contains elongated cells called fibers
•Use ATP to generate force to produce movement (Highly vascular)
Muscle tissue
need high amounts of O2 and
glucose for cell respiration
Highly vascular
need high amounts of O2 and
glucose for cell respiration
Highly vascular
3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUES
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
3 TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUES
- skeletal
- cardiac
- smooth
Contains many cells, avascular
Nervous tissue
Contains many cells, avascular
Nervous tissue
monitors and reacts to environment
Nervous tissue function
monitors and reacts to environment
Nervous tissue function
NERVOUS TISSUE CELL TYPES
Neurons, Neuroglia
generate and conduct electrical
impulses
Neurons
supporting cells that support,
insulate and protect neurons
Neuroglia
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
COMPONENTS ARe
Organ, Tissue layers, Appendages, external environment
INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM
COMPONENTS ARE
Organ, Tissue layers, Appendages, external environment
Tissue layers:
- epidermis
- dermis
- hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
hair follicle, nails, exocrine glands (sweat and oil) – all develop from epidermis
Appendages
stratified squamous epithelial tissue
Epidermis
dense irregular connective tissue; simple cuboidal epithelial tissue
Dermis
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
adipose and areolar
connective tissue
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer)
adipose and areolar
connective tissue
provides physical barrier
to protect deeper tissues from dehydration, injury and infection, avascular
General Function (Epidermis)
area of high mitotic
division
Stratum basale
= protein which provides water proofing and protective barrier
Keratinocytes
produce melanin for UV protection
Melanocytes
macrophage (WBC) for immune response
Dendritic cells
macrophage (WBC) for immune response
Dendritic cells
provide sensory reception for touch
Tactile cells (Merkel)
Also contains receptors such as free nerve endings, meissner’s and pacinian corpuscles, nerves, blood vessels, sweat (sudoriferous) glands and oil (sebaceous) glands, hair follicles (down growth from the epidermis)
Dermis
detect pain and extreme temperatures
Free nerve endings
detect light touch or pressure
Meissener corposicles
detect light touch or pressure
Meissner’s (Tactile ) corpuscles
thin superficial layer made of highly vascular connective tissue; ____?
Papillary
upper 20%
___%of dermis; predominantly dense irregular connective tissue that gives strength with elasticity = allows skin to stretch without tearing
80%
Reticular
Technically not part of skin and deep to dermis & Contains____&____?
Hypodermis
Adipose and and Areolar
stores fat (for long term energy storage, insulation, and shock absorber)
Adipose
anchors skin to muscles
Areolar
function as touch receptor, help retain heat and UV protection
Hair follicles
- _____- (sweat): regulates body temperature and protects against infection
- _____- (oil): protects against infection; keeps skin moist
- sudoriferous (sweat)
2. Sebaceous (oil)
