Muscle part A

Question 1

long, multinucleated cells with many mitochondria
• Striated tissue under somatic (voluntary) control
• Located with skeletal bone

Answer 1

Skeletal

Question 2

1 nucleus with gap junctions and desmosomes
(intercalated disks)
• Striated tissue under autonomic (involuntary) control
• Located in heart

Answer 2

Cardiac

Question 3

short cells with 1 nucleus
• Non-striated tissue under autonomic (involuntary) control
• Located in digestive system, urinary bladder, blood vessels,
uterus

Answer 3

Smooth

Question 4

MUSCLE FUNCTIONS

Answer 4

1. Produce movement of body and fluids
2. Maintain posture
3. Stabilize joints
4. Generate heat from contractions (mostly
   skeletal)

Question 5

____?(fiber) surrounded by connective tissue =

Answer 5

Cell, Endomysium

Question 6

____?bundles of muscle fibers held together by collagen sheath =

Answer 6

Fascicles, Perimysium

Question 7

____?bundles of fascicles held together by dense regular connective tissue

Answer 7

Entire Muscle, Epimysium

Question 8

continues to form tendons that are the muscle origin and insertion

Answer 8

Epimysium

Question 9

cord made of dense regular connective tissue that attaches muscle to periosteum of bone.

Answer 9

Tendon

Question 10

Every skeletal muscle fiber has:

Answer 10

• Motor nerve ending = stimulates fiber
• 1 artery = supply oxygen and nutrients,
• 1 or more veins = carry wastes (CO2, H2O and lactic
acid) away

Question 11

cell membrane has receptors for

neurotransmitters on surface is called?

Answer 11

Sarcolemma

Question 12

cytoplasm containing glycogen

and myoglobin is called?

Answer 12

Sarcoplasm

Question 13

What stores glucose?

Answer 13

Glycogen

Question 14

oxygen storing pigment

Answer 14

Myoglobin

Question 15

The continuation of
the sarcolemma to carry impulses into the
interior of the muscle cell is called?

Answer 15

Transverse tubule (T tubule

Question 16

What specialized ER for

calcium storage and release?

Answer 16

Sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 17

bundles of overlapping contractile filaments
that extend the length of the muscle: Actin
and Myosin
give skeletal muscle striated appearance

Answer 17

Myofibrils

Question 18

repeating functional unit; area of a myofibril between two Z discs is called?

Answer 18

Sarcomere

Question 19

contain projections (myosin head) which fit into actin and make up thick filaments

Answer 19

Myosin

Question 20

contains myosin binding site where myosin head

attaches and Make up thin filaments

Answer 20

Actin

Question 21

myosin heads attach to actin is call?

Answer 21

Crossbridge formation

Question 22

ADP released and crossbridges rotate

• generate force as they rotate toward center of sarcomere -> filaments sliding over each other

Answer 22

Power stroke

Question 23

ATP binds to binding site on myosin is call?

Answer 23

Detachment of myosin heads

Question 24

DEFINE MUSCLE FATIGUE

Answer 24

Inability of muscle to maintain contractions with

prolonged activity

Question 25

additional oxygen taken into body after

exercise used to is?

Answer 25

Oxygen debt

Question 26

Convert lactic acid back to glycogen in liver and replace CP and ATP in muscle

Answer 26

Oxygen debt

Question 27

3–4 hours after death, muscles begin to stiffen

Answer 27

Rigor Mortis (Clinical – Homeostatic Imbalance 9.2)

Question 28

Peak rigidity occurs about 12 hours postmortem

Answer 28

Rigor mortis (Clinical – Homeostatic Imbalance 9.2)

Question 29

Intracellular calcium levels increase because ATP is no longer
being synthesized, so calcium cannot be pumped back into
SR

Answer 29

Rigor Mortis

Question 30

Results in cross bridge formation

Answer 30

Rigor Mortis

Question 31

ATP is also needed for cross bridge detachment

Answer 31

Rigor mortis