Tire, Wheel, Hub, Wheel Bearing Flashcards
Define tire
The casing and tried assembly (with it without tube) that is mounted on a wheel to Provide pneumatically cushioned contact and traction with the road.
Define a wheel
A disk or spokes with the hub at the centre (which revolves around an axle) and the rim around the outside for mounting a tire.
Define wheel alignment
A series of tests and adjustments to ensure that wheels and tires are properly positioned on a vehicle.
Define wheel balancer
A device that checks a wheel and tire assembly for balance.
Define valve core
A spring loaded device inserted into a valve stem. This turns the valve stem into a one way valve which will allow air to enter but will not allow air to escape from the tire.
Define valve stem
A short, rubber valve installed in a rim to permit inflation and deflation of a tire.
Define weather cracks
A form of tire and rubber valve deterioration caused by exposure to sun wind and rain.
Define tire beads
Two rings of steel wires encased in rubber the hold tire sidewalls snuggly against a wheel.
Define body plies
Rubberized fabric and cords wrapped around beads they form the carcass or body of the tire.
Define tread
Outer surface that contacts the road.
Define side wall
Outer part of the tire extending from bead to tread.
Define belts
Sometimes used to strengthen plier and stiffen treads, lies between tread and inner plies.
Define liner
Thin layer of rubber bonded to inside of plies which provides leakproof membrane for modern tubeless tires.
What do races do on a wheel bearing and hub assembly?
Provide surface for rollers to ride on
What are rollers on a bearing and hub assembly?
Anti friction part of the races
What is a cage in bearing and hub assembly?
Holds roller in place
What are the three basic parts of a wheel bearing?
Outer race, rollers, inner race
Define spindle
Stationary shaft that extends from steering knuckle or suspension system
Define wheel bearing
Usually tapered roller bearings mounted on spindle in a wheel hub.
Define hub
Outer housing that holds brake disc or drum, front wheel, grease and wheel bearing.
Define grease seal
Seal that prevents loss of lubrication
Define safety washer
Flat washer that keeps outer wheel bearing from rubbing on and turning the adjusting nut.
Define spindle adjusting nut
nut that threads on two spindle, nut adjusts wheel bearing.
Define nut lick
Then, slotted nut that fits over main spindle nut
Define dust cap
Metal cup that fits over outer lid of hub to keep out dirt and grease
How many plies do passenger vehicles have?
2, 4, or 6
How many plies do heavy duty trucks have?
Up to 14
How many plies do heavy duty service trucks have?
Up to 32 plies
What does g mean on a tire?
The load/size relationship
A tire reads 155/80, what does the 155 stand for?
Section width in millimeters
A tire reads 155/80, what does the 80 stand for?
Height to width ratio
A tire reads, P195/75 R 14, what does that P, R, and 14 stand for?
P is the tire type (passenger, commercial, temporary)
R is tire construction (r-radial, b-bias belted, d- diagonal belted)
14 is the rim or wheel diameter in inches
What does the term vulcanizing mean?
Means heating the rubber under pressure
What is a bias ply tire?
It has plies running at an angle from bead to bead
What is a belted bias tire?
Is a bias tire with belts added to increase threads stiffness. Belts don’t run around sidewalks but lie only under tread.
What is a Radial ply tire?
Has plies running straight across from bead to bead with stabilizer belts directly beneath the tread. Radial tires have flexible sidewalks but a stiff tread.
What does the DOT stand for on a tire?
The letters DOT certify compliance with departments of transportation tire safety standards.
What is the speed for a regular tire?
105mph/168kph
What does it mean when a tired is S rated?
Means the tire has a speed rating of 113mph/180kph
What is a t rated tire?
T rated tire is a speed rating of 119mph/190kph
What is a h rated tire?
Tire speed rating of 130mph/210kph
What is a U rated tire?
Speeding rating of 149mph/210+kph
What is a Z rated tire?
Speed rating of 150mph/240+kph
How do you read the DOT serial numbers or tire identification on a tire? Is found next to DOT.
The first 2 characters identify the tire manufacturer, The remaining characters identify size, type, date of manufacture.
What does aspect ratio mean on a tire?
Is the relationship of the height and width of a tire.
What does a aspect ratio of 75 mean?
That the tire section is 75 percent higher as it is wide. In other words the side wall is 75 percent of the tires width.
What is the maximum inflation pressure for p metric size (standard load) tires?
35 psi (240kpa)
What is the maximum inflation pressure for p metric size (extra load) tires?
41 psi (283 kPa)
What is a load range system on a tire?
Uses letters to identify the load and the inflation limits for a particular tire.
What is the maximum psi for load range B?
32 psi
What is the maximum psi for load range C?
36 psi
What is the maximum psi for load range D?
40 psi
What is the Caution with collapsible spare tires?
Tire must not be drive more then 240km and at a speed of only 80kph. To exceed these limits is to risk blowout of the collapsible spare tire.
What is the caution for split rim wheels?
Make sure all air pressure has been released from the tube before beginning to remove the lock ring or flange. If air is still in the tube, it could blow the tire off the rim when the lock ring or flange is removed.
What is the speed rating indicate on a tire?
The speed rating indicates the maximum speed for short periods of time that a tire is designed to withstand if it is properly inflated and not overloaded.
What is the load index on the tire?
I’m does the most recent version of metric tire sizing you will find a number and a letter following the tire size.
For example, you might see a tire marked 195/60R14 85T. Here, the number 85 represents the load capacity of that tire one properly inflated, and T indicates the speed rating.
What happens to a tire when it is underinflated?
There is wear at the shoulders of the tire
What happens when a tire is overinflated?
The centre of the tire wears
What causes cupping on a tire?
The wheels are out of alignment. Or bad struts/shocks or bad ball joint.
What causes cracked tread?
Under inflation or excessive speed
What causes tires to have feathered edges?
Incorrect toe and camber
What causes tires to have bald spots?
Unbalanced wheels
What causes tires to have one side wear?
Excessive camber
Define camber
Is when your tires sit on an angle instead of flat and straight. For example when the top of your tires are pushed in more than the bottom of them. Or when the bottom of the tire is more pushed in then the top.
Define toe
When the front of your tires point inward, instead of straight. And when the front of your tires point out, in stead of straight.
