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Motive Action > Steering Systems > Flashcards

Steering Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of a steering system?

A
  • provides control of front wheels
  • Maintains correct amount of effort needed to turn front wheels
  • transmits road feel to driver hands
  • absorbs most of shocking going to steering
  • allows for suspension travel
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2
Q

Describe the steering wheel.

A

Used by drive to rotate steering shaft

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3
Q

Describe the steering shaft.

A

Transfers steering wheel motion to the steering gear box

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4
Q

Describe the steering column.

A

Supports the steering wheel and shaft

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5
Q

Describe the steering gear box.

A

Changes turning motion into straight left and right motion

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6
Q

Describe the steering linkage

A

Connects the steering gear box to the steering knuckles

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7
Q

Describe the ball joints

A

Allows control arms to move

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8
Q

Describe the pinion gear on a rack and pinion steering.

A

Rotated by steering wheel and shaft, it’s teeth mesh with the ones on the rack

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9
Q

Describe the gear housing on a rack and pinion steering.

A

Holds the pinion gear and rack assembly

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10
Q

Describe the Tie Rods in a rack and pinion steering.

A

Inner and outer tie rods connect to the steering knuckle

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11
Q

Describe worm type steering.

A

Steering linkage have several parts that connect steering gear box to the steering knuckles.

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12
Q

What do worm type gearboxes usually have?

A

A pitman arm, idler arm, centre link, and the tie rod ends

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13
Q

Describe a pitman arm.

A

Splined to the output shaft of the gearbox and the other end of the centre link

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14
Q

Describe the centre link.

A

Steel bar connecting the left and right side to the pitman arm and idler arm

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15
Q

Describe the idler arm.

A

Connected to the frame on the passenger side and supports the centre link

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16
Q

Describe the ball sockets.

A

Provides a swivel connection between two parts

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17
Q

Describe the tie rod assembly.

A

Allows for suspension action and adjustment for wheel alignments

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18
Q

Describe the integral power steering system.

A

Has the hydraulic piston inside the steering gear box

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19
Q

Describe the external power steering system (linkage type).

A

A power steering system that uses a power ram bolted to the frame and to the centre link.

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20
Q

Describe a power cylinder

A

Hydraulic cylinder, steel tube, machines, supporting the rack inside the housing

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21
Q

Describe the power piston

A

Hydraulic double acting piston formed on the rack

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22
Q

Describe the hydraulic lines

A

Steel tubing connecting the spool valve to each side of the hydraulic piston

23
Q

Describe the control valve

A

Rotary or spool valve that controls the fluid to each side of the piston

24
Q

Describe the pressure relief valve.

A

Controls the maximum oil pressure usually you can hear it working on full lock turns, if this sticks open there is no power assist

25
Q

Describe the high pressure feed hose.

A

Connects from the power steering pump to the steering gear box

26
Q

Describe the lower pressure return hose.

A

Connects from the steering gear box through a fluid cooler back to the reservoir

27
Q

What are the two types of power steering hoses?

A

High pressure feed hose, low pressure return hose

28
Q

What do power systems use to assist with the steering action?

A

Engine driven pump and hydraulic system, new vehicles use electric motors.

29
Q

High pressure fluid to the piston cylinder assembly is supplied by?

A

The steering pump

30
Q

What is the purpose of a control valve in a power steering system?

A

Directs pressured fluid to one or the other end of the piston in the gearbox

31
Q

The piston slide in the cylinder under _________

A

Pressure

32
Q

What is the purpose of a power steering system?

A

Assist in movement of the steering components and front wheels as the vehicle steering wheel is turned

33
Q

At slow speeds how are the wheels turned?

A

Rear wheels are then in the opposite direction of front wheels

34
Q

At fast speeds how are the wheels turned?

A

All four wheels are turned In the same direction

35
Q

Describe a wheel alignment.

A

Purpose is to make the tires roll without scuffing, slipping, or dragging.

36
Q

What are the 6 fundamental angles for a proper wheel alignment?

A 
Caster
Camber 
Toe 
Steering axis 
Toe out on turns 
Tracking
37
Q

Describe the caster angle

A

Forward or rearward tilt of the steering knuckle

38
Q

Describe positive caster

A

The steering axis will tilt towards the driver

39
Q

Describe negative caster

A

The wheels will be easier to turn, wheels will tend to swivel and follow road imperfections

40
Q

How is caster measured?

A

In degrees

41
Q

Describe camber

A

Inward or outward tilt of wheel

42
Q

What does camber control.

A

Controls where the tire touches to pavement

43
Q

What is positive camber

A

The outward tilt

44
Q

What is negative camber

A

The inward tilt

45
Q

Describe the toe angle

A

The difference between the left and right wheel at the front

46
Q

What is toe in?

A

The front wheels are closer together than the rear wheels

47
Q

What is toe out?

A

The rear wheels are closer together than the front wheels

48
Q

What is the purpose of steering angle inclination?

A

It aids directional control, it’s not adjustable but can be used to determine if something is bent

49
Q

Describe under steering

A

When vehicle is slow to respond to steering changes in a turn. Rear tires retain traction front skid/slip

50
Q

Describe oversteer

A

Front maintain traction but rear tend to skid/slip sideways on tight turns

51
Q

Describe tracking

A

To insure to the rear wheels follow in the tracks of the front wheels straight ahead

52
Q

What is another word for improper tracking?

A

Also called dog tracking

53
Q

Describe setback

A

When one side wheels are closer together than the other side, Frame damage, bent or Broken parts

Motive Action (14 decks)

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