Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHAR153 > Tinea > Flashcards

Tinea Flashcards

(56 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

What are the different types of tinea?

A

capitis (ringworm of the scalp)
corporis (ringworm)
cruris (jock itch)
pedis (athletes foot)
finger/toenail (onychomycosis)
versicolor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some differences between tinea versicolor and vitiligo?

A

tinea versicolor:
-fungal infection causing skin discoloration
-overgrowth of yeast triggered by hot, humid climate
-treated by topical and oral antifungals
vitiligo:
-disease causing loss of skin color
-caused by autoimmune disorder, defective melanocytes,
oxidative stress, toxic chemicals, nerve damage
-treated by steroids or UV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is tinea capitis treatable through OTC products?

A

no (minor role, if any) this is medical care
the scalp is hard to penetrate, there is nothing OTC that can penetrate the scalp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

True or false: tinea capitis is caused by a ringworm

A

false
fungal infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe tinea capitis.

A

affects your scalp and hair shafts
causes small patches of itchy, scaly skin
highly contagious (person to person contact)
most common in children (5-10 year olds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the causes of tinea capitis?

A

fungi called dermatophytes
-prefer warmth and moisture so they thrive on sweaty skin
(not super relevant to the scalp)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the treatment for tinea capitis?

A

oral antifungals taken for ~6 weeks
-terbafine HCl (Lamisil)
-griseofulvin
doc might also prescribe a medicated shampoo with the oral med
-helps to remove the fungus and prevent spread of infection
-contains ketoconazole or selenium sulfide
-important to note it wont kill the fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the presentation of tinea corporis?

A

superficial fungal infections of the skin
begins as a small round, red spot on face, neck, trunk, or limbs
usually on smooth and hairless areas
gradually expands outward in circular fashion with a raised, scaly, erythematous border and a clear central area
itchiness and burning sensations are common (possibility to be asymptomatic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

True or false: tinea corporis tends to affect men more than women

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is tinea corporis spread?

A

skin to skin contact with infected humans or animals (most commonly dogs, cats, guinea pigs, horses)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the treatment for tinea corporis?

A

topical azoles
-clotrimazole
-miconazole
-ketoconazole (Rx)
topical allylamines
-naftifine (Rx, USA only)
-terbafine (Rx)
ciclopirox (Rx)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which dosage form is preferred for tinea corporis?

A

creams and solutions
powders and sprays not preferred due to concern of contact time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the rule of thumb for duration of OTC topical antifungals for tinea corporis?

A

use the product BID until the area clears and then add on a few extra days/a week of treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When treating tinea corporis with an antifungal should you only treat the active area?

A

no
apply a bit beyond the active area to ensure you are hitting all the fungus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the OTC treatments for tinea corporis?

A

Tinactin (tolnaftate 1%)
-ringworm considered to be off-label
Micatin (miconazole 2%)
-mentions ringworm on the package
Canesten (clotrimazole 1%)
-you can use the vaginal version if the foot version is shorted
-mentions ringworm on the package

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

If the 4 week OTC treatment of tinea corporis is undesirable in the eyes of a patient, what can you do? Why?

A

prescribe Terbafine 1% cream or spray
-dosage regimen more convenient, OD for 7D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the directions for use of terbafine 1% for tinea corporis?

A

OD for 7 days (two week treatment provides slightly better results than one week)
apply to clean, dry, affected area and surrounding area
children>12yrs and adults

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or false: terbafine 1% is the only thing a pharmacist can prescribe for tinea corporis

A

false
there is also ketoconazole 2% cream

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What does MedSask say about topical steroid and antifungal combination for tinea corporis?

A

not recommended
the itch caused by tinea infections subsides fairly soon after topical antifungal treatment beings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the popular name of tinea pedis?

A

athletes foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

How is athletes foot spread?

A

person to person through contaminated towels, clothing or surfaces
popular in humid places like showers, pools, and change rooms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where is the most common spot for athletes foot?

A

most commonly in between the toes
may spread to the instep or sole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the presentation of athletes foot?

Study These Flashcards
A

cracked skin or scaly with blisters
inflammation
itching/burning sensation

24
Q

What are risk factors for developing athletes foot?

Study These Flashcards
A

direct contact with infected people or animals
conditions of increased moisture
genetics
impaired immunity (HIV, diabetes, chemo)
barefoot in public areas

25
True or false: you do not need to see a patients foot to proceed with an OTC consult
true
26
What do we call athletes foot when it migrates to the sole of the foot?
moccasin type infection
27
What should we do if we come across a case of moccasin type athletes foot?
refer to MD
28
Which condition is indistinguishable from athletes foot?
candidiasis -yeast infection -far less common -same treatment
29
If we hear "yeast infection", what are we thinking?
vaginitis thrush intertrigo
30
What is erythrasma?
chronic skin condition affecting the skin folds caused by bacterial infection
31
When do we refer athletes foot to a doc?
lesions are: -extensive (top and bottom of feet are affected) -severe inflammation -weeping or purulent -painful -disabling no improvement after 1wk of pharmacological treatment patient is diabetic fungal nail infection is present
32
What are some non-pharmacological treatments for athletes foot?
skin should be kept dry to help stop infection from spreading wear cotton socks avoid going barefoot in public avoid scratching feet non-medicated powders may help absorb moisture
33
Which dosage form is preferred for athletes foot?
creams or solutions -again, worrying about the contact time of powders
34
What are the OTC treatments for athletes foot?
tolnaftate 1% (Tinactin) clotrimazole 2% (Canesten) miconazole 2% (Micatin)
35
What are the directions for use of products for athletes foot?
apply to clean and dry affected area apply beyond affected area use BID until clear and then a few days/1wk
36
What can we prescribe for athletes foot?
terbafine 1% cream (children>12 and adults) -OD for 7D terbafine 1% spray -OD for 7D ketoconazole 2% cream (children>12 and adults) -BID for 4-6wks
37
What are the signs and symptoms of tinea cruris?
large round, red, well-defined patches on the upper inner thigh and groin area genitals spared burning and itching are common often co-morbid with tinea pedis and tinea unguium
38
What is the common name of tinea cruris?
jock itch
39
Which conditions can resemble tinea cruris?
candida intertrigo -yeast infection which covers penis and scrotum and groin area with red papular lesions seborrheic dermatitis -yellow, greasy, scales on scalp and may extend to rest of body psoriasis -red spots with thick silver scales
40
Describe erythrasma.
chronic superficial infection of the intertriginous areas of the skin more frequently in tropical areas other than colour, can be symptom-free or just a bit of itch
41
What is the treatment for erythrasma?
topical erythromycin or clindamycin, or fusidic acid or miconazole cream
42
What are some non-pharmacological treatments for tinea cruris?
keep skin dry to help stop infection from spreading wear loose fitting, cotton clothing non-medicated powders to help absorb moisture
43
True or false: when using non-medicated powders to help absorb moisture, cornstarch is a good option
false cornstarch could be a substrate for fungus
44
What are the OTC treatments for tinea cruris? Which one product is an off label use?
tinactin (off label) canesten micatin
45
What can we prescribe for tinea cruris?
terbinafine 1% cream/spray -OD x 7D ketoconazole 2% cream -OD for 2-4wks
46
True or false: we cannot prescribe ciclopirox for tinea cruris
true
47
What is onychomycosis?
fungal toenail infection
48
What are the symptoms of onychomycosis?
initially, complains about appearance with no physical symptoms as it progresses it can interfere with walking, standing, etc pain, discomfort, loss of self-esteem
49
What percentage of abnormal appearing nails are due to onychomycosis?
50-60%
50
How fast do toenails grow?
1.62mm per month if you lose a toenail, it can take up to a year and half for it to grow back
51
What should patients expect with treatment duration of onychomycosis?
topical: up to 12 months oral: 2-3 months
52
What are the treatments for onychomycosis?
efinaconazole 10% solution (Jublia) -Rx propylene glycol/urea/lactic acid topical solution -OTC
53
True or false: topical ciclopirox has limited efficacy for onychomycosis
true
54
Why is topical ciclopirox not a great treatment for onychomycosis?
limited efficacy requires weekly nail trimming and removal of lacquer build up requires monthly debridement by podiatrist/MD pharm cannot prescribe
55
Differentiate between DLSO, SWO, and PSO.
DLSO: distal lateral subungual onychomycosis -under the tip and side of the nail -most common type (90%) SWO: superficial white onychomycosis -7% of cases -more common in children PSO: proximal subungual onychomycosis -6% of cases -white discoloration at proximal nail fold beneath nail bed
56
What is the number of nails involved where we must refer someone to the doctor for onychomycosis?
3

PHAR153 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions