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PHAR153 > Infant Formulas and Colic > Flashcards

Infant Formulas and Colic Flashcards

1
Q

What are infant formulas trying to mimic?

A

breast milk

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2
Q

What is the best form of nutrition for an infant? How long should this form of nutrition be administered?

A

breast milk
should be administered for the first 6 months of life but it can haves benefits up to 2yrs

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3
Q

What is Lansinoh?

A

a cream used for painful breasts during breast-feeding
safe for mom and baby

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4
Q

Is Enfamil A+ actually the #1 infant formula?

A

no
it was just based off the results of a survey

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5
Q

Do any formulas have proven benefits for allergy prevention?

A

no

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6
Q

What is the only likely mistake you could make with an infant formula?

A

forgetting to dilute with water (if the formula requires dilution)

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7
Q

What is the best way to describe standard formula?

A

Ensure for kids
cows milk combined with all the nutrients that infants need

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8
Q

What is the issue with labelling infant formulas as “iron-fortified”?

A

formulas are fortified in all other nutrients so this is misleading, there’s no point in exclusively labelling iron as fortified

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9
Q

True or false: as a pharmacist we should recommend infant formulas that are lower in iron?

A

false
pediatrician assessment

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10
Q

What is more common, milk protein allergy or congenital lactase deficiency?

A

milk protein allergy is far more common
congenital lactase deficiency is very rare

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11
Q

At what age is lactase activity programmed to decline? At what age do symptoms tend to appear?

A

2
20

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12
Q

What is secondary lactase deficiency?

A

the flu can harm the activity of lactase which leads to temporary lactase deficiency, quite common

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13
Q

When should we add cows milk to a childs diet? What type of milk?

A

introduce at about 1 year
whole milk

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14
Q

How long should whole milk be in the childs diet?

A

from year 1 until year 2

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15
Q

What is the issue with infant formulas that advertise for 12-36 month year olds?

A

we want kids to take interest in food

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16
Q

What can a thickener do in a formula?

A

it contains extra rice starch to make the formula thicker to make the formula harder to gurgle up

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17
Q

What are the most common reasons for spit up?

A

swallowing air (most common)
overeating (most common)
sensitivity to allergens in breast milk

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18
Q

What does the A+ in Enfamil A+ mean?

A

it is trying to say “take this formula to have a smarter kid” due to the presence of EFAs

19
Q

True or false: a probiotic in an infant formula is totally fine

A

true

20
Q

What is the medical definition of colic?

A

crying of 3 hours per day, 3 days per week, for more than 3 weeks
baby is inconsolable

21
Q

When does colic go away?

A

suddenly, there is no timeline

22
Q

What are the key characteristics to knowing the baby has colic and not some other serious issue?

A

the child is fine between episodes, eats well, and is gaining weight

23
Q

True or false: whether your child is breast-fed or formula-fed can have an impact on the development of colic

A

false, non factor

24
Q

What are some theories for the cause of colic?

A

IT IS UNDEFINED
gas?
emotional distress?
gut spasms?
maternal habits?
GERD?
constipation?

25
Q

What % of colic cases are from organic causes?

A

5%

26
Q

Could lactose intolerance be the cause of colic?

A

no, if the child is the rare case of LI then this is no longer colic

27
Q

True or false: pharmacists are not involved in colic or LI assessment

A

true, pediatrician job

28
Q

What are some non-drug remedies for colic?

A

re-positioning child
stimulation
de-stimulation
changing infant formulas

29
Q

What is the anti-colic bottle?

A

a bottle that has a pump designed to pump in less air

30
Q

What are some drug therapy remedies for colic?

A

Ovol (simethicone)
gripe water
probiotics

31
Q

What does simethicone do? What is the consensus on its safety?

A

de-foaming agent, gas bubble collection and then this bubble is burped or tooted out
very safe, no side effects

32
Q

Is simethicone effective? When should it be given?

A

questionable effectiveness, it will have no true effect for colic because we dont truly know what colic is
given after each feeding

33
Q

Is Bentylol (diyclomine) used in colic? If no, why?

A

not given for colic
it is contraindicated in patients under 6 months

34
Q

What should parents be made aware of when giving a colic kid Ovol or gripe water?

A

lower their expectations, knowing there is not much value in them for colic

35
Q

Does gripe water with alcohol have any serious concerns?

A

no, it just has some alcohol to dissolve the stuff in there

36
Q

What is wrong with Cocyntal?

A

it is 100% homeopathic

37
Q

How safe is introducing new bacteria to a baby?

A

totally fine, babies are introduced to new bacteria all the time

38
Q

Are the 3 remedies for colic going to work?

A

no it is a leap of faith
very little clinical value

39
Q

True or false: not allowing kids to have exposure to possible allergy trigger foods will prevent the development of allergies

A

false
getting it at some point is better than never

40
Q

What kind of formula should you recommend for an infant who has been diagnosed with GERD?

A

thickened formula

41
Q

What are the types of infant formulation? Rank them from most expensive to cheapest.

A

ready-to-feed: completely ready, no steps required for preparation
concentrate: water needed
powder: water needed
RTF>concentrate>powder
ALL ARE THE SAME NUTRITIONAL VALUE

42
Q

When does colic peak? In regards to the peak, is teething pain a probable cause?

A

colic peaks around 3rd or 4th month
no, teething pain starts around 4th month and if its teething pain then it is no longer colic

43
Q

We know congenital lactose intolerance is very rare. What would be some signs that an infant actually is lactose intolerant?

A

from birth, the baby would have severe diarrhea and unable to tolerate breast-milk or cows milk formula

PHAR153 (20 decks)

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