thyroid/neck

Question 1

3 paired glands

Answer 1

parotid, submandibular, and sublingual

Question 2

are the largest and are found anterior to ears, extending inferiorly

Answer 2

Parotids

Question 3

Normal sonographic appearance for parotid gland

Answer 3

hyperechoic

Question 4

Salivary Glands are ___ gland that produce ___

Answer 4

exocrine , saliva

Question 5

thyroid - endocrine or exocrine

Answer 5

endocrine

Question 6

the thyroid is responsible for

Answer 6

regulating the metabolism

Question 7

Pituitary sends __ to regulate thyroid hormone production

Answer 7

TSH

Question 8

Thyroid uses ___ to produce its hormones

Answer 8

iodine

Question 9

Superior thyroid artery arises from

Answer 9

ECA

Question 10

Inferior thyroid artery arises from

Answer 10

subclavian artery

Question 11

Superior extension of the isthmus

Answer 11

Pyramidal lobe

Question 12

normal isthmus measurement

Answer 12

6-10mm

Question 13

Esophagus distinguished from mass by having the patient

Answer 13

swallow

Question 14

General term for enlarged thyroid.

Answer 14

goiter

Question 15

sono findings for goiter

Answer 15

isthmus > 10 mm, heterogeneous

Question 16

a goiter may be caused by

Answer 16

iodine deficiency, Graves or Hashimoto’s

Question 17

Most common cause of hyperthyroidism

Answer 17

Graves disease / toxic goiter

Question 18

refers to hypervascularity that is characteristic

Answer 18

thyroid inferno

Question 19

Clinical: Bulging eyes, weight loss, nervousness, intolerant to heat

Answer 19

graves disease

Question 20

Most common cause of hypothyroidism

Answer 20

Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Question 21

another name for Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 21

autoimmune lymphocytic thyroiditis

Question 22

with hashimotos, the Pituitary gland will send more

Answer 22

TSH

Question 23

clinical - weight gain

Answer 23

hypothyroidism / hashimotos

Question 24

clinical - weight loss

Answer 24

hyperthyroidism / graves disease

Question 25

clinical - intolerant to heat

Answer 25

hyperthyroidism

Question 26

clinical - intolerant to cold

Answer 26

hypothyroidism

Question 27

Subacute transient inflammation most often caused by viral infection.

Answer 27

De Quervain's thyroiditis

Question 28

Clinical: Pain and swelling. Phases of hyperfunction, then hypofunction then back to normal.

Answer 28

De Quervain's thyroiditis

Question 29

the most common cause of thyroid nodules AKA multinodular goiter

Answer 29

Nodular Hyperplasia (adenomatous nodules)

Question 30

Solitary, encapsulated nodule

Answer 30

Follicular adenoma

Question 31

Cyst with hyperechoic focus in center

Answer 31

colloid cyst

Question 32

Most common thyroid cancer

Answer 32

Papillary carcinoma

Question 33

Suspicious for cancer if

Answer 33

solitary, hypoechoic with microcalcifications

Question 34

malignant or b9 - Cold on Nuc med

Answer 34

malignant

Question 35

Paired endocrine glands

Answer 35

parathyroid (4)

Question 36

parathyroid measures

Answer 36

5 mm

Question 37

parathyroid glands are ___ regulators

Answer 37

calcium

Question 38

Most common cause of enlargement of parathyroid.

Answer 38

Parathyroid adenoma

Question 39

clinical findings for parathyroid adenoma

Answer 39

Clinical: Hyperparathyroidism, hypercalcemia

Question 40

hypercalcemia is related to

Answer 40

Deposits in kidneys: causes nephrocalcinosis

Question 41

most common neck cyst

Answer 41

Thyroglossal duct cysts

Question 42

cysts that are Superior to thyroid but near the mandible

Answer 42

Branchial cleft cysts

Question 43

>1cm, round, loss of normal echogenic hilum becoming more solid and hypoechoic, hyperemic (increased blood flow)

Answer 43

Cervical lymphadenopathy

Question 44

most common b9 nodules are

Answer 44

nodular hyperplasia / hyperplastic adenomas