gastrointestinal Flashcards
Inner to Outer layers
Superficial mucosa
Deep mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
Serosa
useful in
determining normal from abnormal bowel
compression
Most common cause of acute abdominal pain resulting in surgery.
Acute appendicitis
RLQ between ant superior iliac spine and umbilicus
mcburney point
The pylorus is
the channel that empties into the
duodenum
enlargement or thickening of the pyloric sphincter
Gastric outlet obstruction / pyoloric stenosis
Clinical: Projectile non-bilious vomiting, palpable olive sign,
weight loss, dehydration
hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
sono findings for hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
cervix sign - long
target sign - trans
Small bowel “twisted” or rotated abnormally around the SMA.
Midgut Malrotation/Volvulus
with bilious vomiting.
Midgut Malrotation/Volvulus
w/o bilious vomiting
pyloric
stenosis
Most common intestinal obstruction in
pediatrics <2yo.
Intussusception
. Most common intussusception is
ileocolic (RLQ)
Clinical: Abdominal pain, red currant jelly stools, vomiting (bilious)
Intussusception
sono sign for intussusception
cinnabon sign
Most common inflammatory disease of small bowel.
Crohn Disease
Inflammation of the small outpouchings in bowel, most commonly colon.
Diverticulitis
Abdominal distension and fluid filled loops of bowel
Intestinal obstruction
physical blockage. Increased peristalsis noted for intestinal obstruction
mechanical
paralytic ileus. Functional problem. Lack of peristalsis for intestinal onstruction
non mechanical
what would demonstrate hyperemia
acute appendicitis
The location of the gastroesophageal junction
posterior to left lobe, anterior to aorta
A calcification within the appendix is the
appendicolith
What is also known as a spontaneous hernia of the lateral abdominal wall
spigelian
