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Pharm Unit 3 > Thyroid Meds > Flashcards

Thyroid Meds Flashcards

1
Q

Levothyroxine is used to tx what?

A

hypothyroidism

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2
Q

Methimazole is used to tx what?

A

hyperthyroidism

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3
Q

Iodine solutions are used to tx what?

A

hyperthyroidism

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4
Q

Armor thyroid (desiccated) is used to tx what?

A

hypothyroidism

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5
Q

Propylthiouracil (PTU) is used to tx what?

A

hyperthyroidism

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6
Q

What thyroid meds are safe in pregnancy? (2)

A

Desiccated Thyroid
PTU but ONLY first trimester

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7
Q

What thyroid meds are contraindicated in pregnancy? (2)

A

Methimazole
I-131

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8
Q

half life of levothyroxine?

A

6-7 days

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9
Q

what thyroid med is non-radioactive?

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

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10
Q

if the dose of levothyroxine is too high, what happens?

A

side effects similar to hyperthyroidism

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11
Q

what is the drug of choice for hypothyroidism?

A

levothyroxine

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12
Q

what thyroid med should be taken on an empty stomach 30 mins before eating? (3)

A

Levothyroxine (breakfast)
Methimazole
Propylthiouracil (PTU)

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13
Q

where does desiccated thyroid come from?

A

it is a thyroid extract that comes from animal thyroid glands that have been dried and powdered

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14
Q

what thyroid med is highly protein bound?

A

levothyroxine

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15
Q

what thyroid med contains both T3 and T4?

A

desiccated thyroid

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16
Q

What are the types of iodine thyroid meds?

A

Lugol’s solution
I-131

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17
Q

what is the goal of levothyroxine?

A

to restore the TSH and T4 back to normal

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18
Q

desiccated thyroid doses are individualized based on what?

A

TSH results

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19
Q

what thyroid med causes change in appetite?

A

desiccated thyroid

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20
Q

what thyroid med is a synthetic form of T4?

A

levothyroxine

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21
Q

what thyroid med is used for short-term management?

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

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22
Q

What thyroid meds are thioamides?

A

Methimazole
Propylthiouracil (PTU)

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23
Q

what is the drug of choice for hyperthyroidism?

A

Methimazole UNLESS pregnant

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24
Q

Synthroid is what type of thyroid med?

A

levothyroxine

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25
Q

what thyroid med has a very bitter taste?

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

26
Q

what thyroid med causes diarrhea?

A

desiccated thyroid

27
Q

the side effects from methimazole come from?
what does this result in?

A

comes from thyroid suppression

results in:
- less GI side effects
- can cause bone barrow suppression

28
Q

Levoxyl is what type of thyroid med?

A

levothyroxine

29
Q

what thyroid med is typically used for special cases of hyperthyroidism?

30
Q

what thyroid med inhibits the release of T3 and T4?

A

Lugol’s solution (Iodine)

31
Q

what thyroid meds inhibits the conversion of T4 to T3?

A

Thioamides: Methimazole & Propylthiouracil (PTU)

32
Q

what thyroid med has good bioavailability and reliability?

A

levothyroxine

33
Q

what thyroid med causes chest pain?

A

desiccated thyroid

34
Q

what thyroid med has a risk for drug interactions? why?

A

levothyroxine bc it is highly protein bound

35
Q

What thyroid med can be used in first trimester of pregnancy then should be stopped?

A

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

36
Q

what thyroid meds are lifelong medications? (2)

A

levothyroxine
desiccated thyroid

37
Q

what thyroid med requires increased fluid intake?

38
Q

what thyroid med can cause iodinism?

what are the sx of iodinism? (4)

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

iodinism sx:
- metallic taste
- stomatitis
- sore throat
- hypersensitivity

39
Q

what thyroid med has variable bioavailability?

A

desiccated thyroid

40
Q

what thyroid med can cause teeth staining?

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

41
Q

what thyroid med lowers levels by inhibiting formation of thyroid hormones in cells?

A

Thioamides: Methimazole & Propylthiouracil (PTU)

42
Q

what thyroid med requires radiation precautions?

43
Q

what thyroid med is less commonly used due to difficulty controlling the thyroid hormone levels?

A

desiccated thyroid

44
Q

what thyroid drug has several drug interactions that require LFT and CBC monitoring?

A

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

45
Q

what thyroid med is radioactive iodine?

46
Q

what thyroid med can be seen with radiation emergencies? why?

A

Lugol’s solution (iodine)

iodine goes to the thyroid and serves as protection from radiation

47
Q

Drug interactions with Propylthiouracil (PTU) can cause what? (2)

A

increase risk of liver injury (monitor LFTs)
leukopenia (monitor CBC)

48
Q

when taking desiccated thyroid, what meds should be avoided? (3)

A

calcium containing meds
antacids
iron supplements

49
Q

What must be done prior to starting thioamides?

A

must obtain baseline CBC and liver profile

50
Q

what thyroid med is typically used for thyroid cancer?

51
Q

what should be done prior to giving desiccated thyroid?

A

assess HR and if pt is tachycardic then may want to consult doctor

52
Q

for what thyroid meds may it take several weeks to see effect?

A

Thioamides: Methimazole & Propylthiouracil (PTU)

53
Q

what levels should be checked when taking desiccated thyroid and when? (4)

A
  • Should have TSH checked regularly until dose stabilizes.
  • Levels checked 6-8 weeks after starting and after dose changes
  • Then annually
  • May need to check LFTs and WBCs
54
Q

What thyroid meds require LFT monitoring? (3)

A

Methimazole
PTU
Dessicated thyroid (may have to check)

55
Q

What thyroid meds require blood counts? (2)

A

Methimazole
PTU

56
Q

for what thyroid med does it take time to show effects and typically take 4-6 weeks to reach steady state?

A

levothyroxine

57
Q

what thyroid med is typically used for thyrotoxicosis?

58
Q

what foods should be avoided when taking Lugol’s solution (iodine)?

A

foods high in iodine such as seafood and iodized salt

59
Q

What does radioactive iodine therapy cause and what has to happen?

A

It causes hypothyroidism, so pts will need ongoing thyroid hormone therapy

60
Q

What adjuvant therapy is used with hyperthyroid tx and why? (4)

A

Beta blockers (i.e. Propranolol or Atenolol) are used to control the symptoms of hyperthyroidism

Used in older adults when the heart rate is greater than 90 or may have history of arrhythmias, HTN, or chest pain

Mainly used to control symptoms while waiting for meds to take effects

They can block the conversion of T4 to T3 thus decreasing the development of TSH

Pharm Unit 3 (18 decks)

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