Neurotransmitters & Seizures Patho Flashcards
Receptors are _____
proteins
what do receptors match?
the size & shape of a neurotransmitter
how are receptors named?
according to the transmitter they bind with
transmitters are either _______ or _________ depending on what?
inhibitory or excitatory
depending on the type of receptor it binds to
Is dopamine inhibitory or excitatory?
inhibitory
is ACH inhibitory or excitatory?
Can be either excitatory or inhibitory – depends on
neurons secreting it.
is serotonin inhibitory or excitatory?
inhibitory
is norepinephrine inhibitory or excitatory?
excitatory
is GABA inhibitory or excitatory?
inhibitory
where do neurotransmitters work?
at the synaptic cleft where they either inhibit or excite the neurons
where is acetylcholine (Ach) found? (3)
CNS
PNS
ANS
When is Acetylcholine excitatory?
in the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) at neuromuscular junctions
When is Acetylcholine inhibitory?
in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and it slows heart rate
what neurotransmitter derived from tryptophan?
Serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine)
where is Serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine) primarily found? (3)
GI tract
platelets
brainstem
Serotonin (5-hydroxytrptamine) contributes to a feeling of?
well being
where is dopamine located?
mainly in substantia nigra of midbrain/basal ganglia region
list the functions of dopamine (8)
- behavior and cognition
- voluntary motor movement
- motivation
- punishment and reward
- attention
- working memory
- learning
- involved in many neuropsychiatric and voluntary motor movement disorders
What neurotransmitter is involved in tourettes?
dopamine
What is the chief inhibitory transmitter in the CNS?
Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA)
what effects does Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) have on brain? (3)
- relaxing
- anti-anxiety
- anticonvulsant
what effect does Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) have on muscles?
inhibitory effect: decrease muscle spasms and improved tone
What neurotransmitter is involved in social phobia?
dopamine
what is an excitatory neurotransmitter in brain and stress hormone within the endocrine system?
norepinephrine