Thyroid Gland: Thyroid Hormones

Question 1

TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce the thyroid hormones….

Answer 1

T3 and T4

triidothyrine) and (thyroxine

Question 2

What do the thyroid hormones do the BMR? How?

__________the BMR by acting on the________ by utilizing _______ to produce ATP

Answer 2

Increase
mitochondria
oxygen

Question 3

Thyroid hormones’ help regulate body ______

through stimulation of Na+/K+ pumps. this uses ______ and body temp rises.

Answer 3

temp

ATP

Question 4

Thyroid hormones also assist in the synthesis of ______ like in GH.

Answer 4

protein

Question 5

Thyroid hormones stimulate the use of _____ acids for ATP

while also simulating the use of _____ for ATP

Answer 5

fatty

glucose

Question 6

Thyroid hormones enhance the action of ______________ and __________ by upregulating their receptors

Answer 6

epinephrine,

norepinephrine

Question 7

What’s the difference between GH and thyroid hormones in energy production?

Answer 7

GH spares glucose

T3/t4 do not.

Question 8

Does the thyroid gland store and release its own hormones?

Answer 8

yes

Question 9

Is thyroid hormone water or lipid-soluble?

Answer 9

lipid

Question 10

Because thyroid hormone is lipid-soluble does it act indirectly or directly in the target cells?

Answer 10

directly

Question 11

Thyroid Hormone increases ______rate and body _____ production

Answer 11

metabolic,

heat

Question 12

Thyroid Hormone increases the number of _________ receptors in blood vessels creating an excitatory reponce of blood vessels

Answer 12

androgenic

Question 13

Thyroid Hormone regulates tissue _________ and ______

Answer 13

growth and development

Question 14

Normal Physiological effect of T3/T4: Thyroid hormones effect the BMR and temp regulation by promoting normal _____use, and BMR. it also enhances the effects of the _________ _______ system

Answer 14

normal O2

sympathetic Nervous

Question 15

Normal Physiological effect of T3/T4: promotes ______ catabolism; mobilizes _____ witch is essential for _____ synthesis. enhances livers synthesis of ______

Answer 15

glucose,
fats,
protein
cholesterol

Question 16

Effect of Hyposecretion (BMR and Temp reg)

Answer 16

Low BMR decreased body temp, cold intolerance, decreased appetite; weight gain

Question 17

Effects of Hypersecretion (BMR and Temp reg)
____ BMR, ______ body temp, heat ________, incresed_________
weight ______

Answer 17

high , increased
intolerance,
appetite,
loss

Question 18

Effect of Hyposecretion (Carb lipid/protein metabolism)

______glucose metabolism; _______ cortisol and triglyceride levels in the blood plus ________ protein______

Answer 18

Decreased; 
elevated 
decreased 
synthesis. 
(edema)

Question 19

Effects of Hypersecretion: Enhanced catabolism of __________, _______ and ______; weight _____ and _____ of muscle mass.

Answer 19

glucose, proteins, fats;
loss
loss

Question 20

Thyroid Hormones: list all 3

Answer 20

T3, T4 and Calcitonin

Question 21

Calcitonin is produced by _____________ cells of the _____ gland

Answer 21

parafollicular

thyroid

Question 22

is Calcitonin the primary regulator in blood Calcium levels?

Answer 22

no

Question 23

what does Calcitonin target?

Answer 23

the skeleton

Question 24

Calcitonin is bone ______

Answer 24

sparing

Question 25

What is the 1st (of 3) point Calcitonin bone sparing? 1. it inhibits ______ activity and ______ reabsorption

Answer 25

osteoclast

bone

Question 26

What is the 2nd (of 3) point of Calcitonin bone sparing? 2. It stimulates_______ ______ in the bone matrix.

Answer 26

calcium uptake

Question 27

What is the 3rd (of 3) point of Calcitonin bone sparing?

it decreases blood ______ levels.

Answer 27

calcium

Question 28

Calcitonin is only released when we abnormally ________ levels of blood calcium (___%) ______ nomral

Answer 28

high
20
above