PNS and Integration: Sensory Receptors and Sensation

Question 1

Sensory Receptors Structure // Simple: includes 1. _____ _____ _____ of first order sensory neurons witch are used for ____ temperature, ____ some touch.
2. _______ nerve endings of first order sensory neurons . used for ____ _____ some touch

Answer 1

Free nerve endings,
pain, itch,
encapsulated
pressure, vibration

Question 2

Exteroceptors - Location
what they respond to
what information do they provide?

Answer 2

Body’s surface
Stimuli from environment
touch, pressure, pain, temp, special senses

Question 3

Interoceptors -
Location
what they respond to
what information do they provide?

Answer 3

deeper in body
internal environment
chemical changes, tissue stretch, temp, pain, hunger thirst, nausea

Question 4

Proprioceptors -
Location
what they respond to
what information do they provide?

Answer 4

skeletal muscles, tendons and joints, ligaments connective tissue
respond to body movements

Question 5

Free nerve endings have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 5

L:Exteroceptors, Interoceptors, Proprioceptors
S:Thermo,chemo,mechano receptors plus nociceptors
most body tissues
no

Question 6

Modified free nerve endings: tactile discs (Merkle discs) have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 6

L exteroceptors
Mechanoreceptors S:(light pressure); slowly adapting
basal layer of epidermis
no

Question 7

hair follicle receptors: have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 7

L:exteroceptors
S: mechanoreceptors (hair deflection); rapidly adapting
in and surrounding hair follicles
no

Question 8

Messner’s corpuscles (tactile) have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 8

L: Exteroceptors
S: Mechanoreceptors
dermal papillae of hairless skin, external genitalia, fingertips, soles of feet, eyelids

yes

Question 9

Pacinian corpuscles (lamellated)
have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 9

L: Exteroceptors, interceptors, and some proprioceptors
S: Mechanoreceptors
dermis and hypodermis, periostea, mesentery, tendons, ligaments, joint capsules, abundant in fingers, feet external genitalia and nipples

yes

Question 10

Ruffini endings have what type of receptors? (L and S)
Location?
capsulated?

Answer 10

L: Exteroceptors and proprioceptors
S: Mechanoreceptors
Deep in dermis, hypodermis and joint capsules.

Question 11

Somatic Sensations are in the ______ system, ______ vagina, anus _____ _____ and tendons + ______

Answer 11

integumentary system

Question 12

transduction is the generation of a _____ _____

Answer 12

graded potential

Question 13

Nerve impulse is the _____ of an ____ _____

Answer 13

generation, action, potential

Question 14

Integration is CNS _______ and _____

Answer 14

reception and processing

Question 15

Sensory process is? 
1
2
3
4

Answer 15

Sensory Receptor stimulation
transduction
nerve impulse
integration

Question 16

Touch is detected by?

Answer 16

Meissner corpuscles

hair root plexus

Question 17

Touch and pressure is detected by?

Answer 17

tactile(merkel) discs (continuous)

Ruffini corpuscles

Question 18

Meissner corpuscles and hair root plexus are _____ _______ and sense the _____ of touch

Answer 18

fast adapting

onset

Question 19

Merkel discs and Ruffini corpuscles are ______ ______ and are activated when there is a more ________and deeper pressure touch that ______the skin

Answer 19

slow adapting
continuous
stretches’

Question 20

what does fast adapting means? it adapts to the ______ and becomes used to it. aka not noticing wearing ______

Answer 20

sensation

shoes

Question 21

slow adapting / no adapting means there is _____ a change in the _____ of sensory impulses (frequency of action potentials).

Answer 21

never,

speed

Question 22

High frequency Vibration is felt by

Answer 22

Pacinian Corpuscles

Question 23

Low frequency vibration is felt by

Answer 23

Meissner corpuscles

Question 24

itch and tickle is felt by

Answer 24

free nerve endings

Question 25

thermoreceptors that sense warmth and cold are felt by?

Answer 25

free nerve endings

Question 26

cold receptors are ____ ____ than warmth receptors

Answer 26

more abundant

Question 27

Pain is felt by ______

Answer 27

nociceptors

Question 28

Types of pain?

Answer 28

fast, slow, superficial and deep somatic | visceral pain

Question 29

nociceptors feel pain trough _____ ____ _____

Answer 29

free nerve endings.

Question 30

nociceptors are everywhere but the ____

Answer 30

brain

Question 31

Kinesthesia is the _____ of ____ movements

Answer 31

preception

Question 32

proprioception is _____ your own body parts in _____ and how they are ____

Answer 32

recognizing, space, moving

Question 33

proprioceptors are?

Answer 33

muscle spindles Golgi tendon organs Joint kinesthetic receptors

Question 34

are their any muscle fibers receiving stimulus from extrafusal fibers?

Answer 34

NO

Question 35

Extrafusal Muscle fibers are : ______ and innervated by ____ ____ neurons

Answer 35

contractile | alpha motor

Question 36

Intrafusal Muscle fibers have 2 regions. the central region is ____ ____ and the end region with ___ ____ with is innervated by _____ _____ neurons

Answer 36

non-contractile is contractile gamma y motor

Question 37

Somatic (spinal) reflexes are ______, ____ both _____ and learned

Answer 37

involuntary, rapid | intrinsic

Question 38

``` Reflex arc is 1 2 3 4 5 ```

Answer 38

``` sensory receptor sensory neuron integration center motor neuron effector ```

Question 39

how does autonomic reflex differ?

Answer 39

different effector organs | it has a 2 neuron pathway where somatic has 1.

Question 40

A streatch reflex causes _____ _____ ____ that has been scratched

Answer 40

contraction of muscle

Question 41

A stretch reflex causes _____ _____ ____ that has been scratched

Answer 41

contraction of muscle

Question 42

give an example of a stretch reflex?

Answer 42

knee jerk (tap tendon below patella test)

Question 43

in a tendon reflex the muscle ______ and the tendon _____

Answer 43

relaxes | stretches