Excitation and Inhibition

Question 1

Graded potentials are ie:
magnitude depends on ______ of stimulus:
amount of _______ released.
Time ______ spends on receptor

Answer 1

postsynaptic potentials
strength
neurotransmitter
neurotransmitter

Question 2

Postsynaptic potential types:
EPSP aka______________
IPSP aka ______________

Answer 2

excitatory postsynaptic potential

inhibitory postsynaptic potential

Question 3

an EPSP is a stimulus that brings the inside of the cell ______ to threshold. aka a local ________
an IPSP is a stimulus that brings the inside of the cell ______ from threshold aka a local ________

Answer 3

closer, depolarization

away, hyperpolarization

Question 4

Summation: can ____ together.

Answer 4

add

Question 5

Temporal Summation: 2exititory stimuli ____ in time cause EPSP that _____ together. this allows ______ to be reached. (one right after another in the same _____)

Answer 5

close, add
threshold
spot

Question 6

Spatial Summation: 2 excitatory stimuli (potentials) at ______ locations cause EPSPs that add together. these happen at the same ______ but in _____ locations on the neuron

Answer 6

different

time, different

Question 7

Spatial Summation of EPSP and IPSP: they ______ each other out

Answer 7

cancel

Question 8

Synaptic Potentiation: With repeated use ( use of particular neural pathway) we get ____ ______ of neurotransmission: we call this ______. this is due to increased concentration of CA2+ at presynaptic terminals -> release of more _________
High-frequency stimulation partially ______ the post-synaptic membrane opening more channels allowing Ca2+ entry, this leads to activation of kinase ______ witch leads to____ _______ to stimuli

Answer 8

increased efficiency
learning  
neurotransmitters 
enzymes 
increased responsiveness