Cells (Lecture 1)

Question 1

Prototypical Cell contains?

Answer 1

Plasma (Cell) Memebrane

Question 2

The Plasma Membrane has a ____border and is ______ permeable.

Answer 2

thin,

selectively

Question 3

The plasma membrane has a what surrounding it/what is it made of?

Answer 3

a phospholipid bilayer

Question 4

The Phospholipid bilayer has a ______ tail and a _____ head

Answer 4

hydrophobic,

hydrophilic

Question 5

The cell is the smallest ______ _____that can preform all vital functions

Answer 5

structural unit

Question 6

The plasma membrane molecular components include: ________and_________ some with _______ groups attached

Answer 6

proteins and cholesterol,

carbohydrate

Question 7

Passive transport basic definition is? The movement of substances across a __________ _______ without the requirement of __________

Answer 7

cell membrane,

energy.

Question 8

Somatic Cells include what cells in the body?

Answer 8

all non sex cells

Question 9

Sex cells are called?

Answer 9

Germ and reproductive (Sperm and oocyte)

Question 10

The plasma membrane but is what type(s) of barrier? (physical or chemical?)

Answer 10

BOTH physical and chemical

Question 11

CHECK NOTES KNOW WHAT PLAZMA MEMBRANE STRUCTURES ARE AND WHERE THEY ARE

Answer 11

:)

Question 12

What type of transport is diffusion

Answer 12

passive

Question 13

diffusion: Define simple diffusion.

Diffusion is the passage of small ____ _______ substances across the cell membrane down its _____ ______

Answer 13

non polar

concentration gradient

Question 14

describe simple diffusion.

Answer 14

the passage of small non polar substances across the cell membrane down their concentration gradient

Question 15

Describe Facilitated diffusion HINT… substances cross with the help of proteins such as_______ _______ and_______ ________

Answer 15

channel proteins

carrier proteins

Question 16

Describe channel proteins

Chanel proteins mildly discriminate between their cargo based on ______ and _______

Answer 16

size and charge

Question 17

Describe carrier proteins *

Often they only allow ____ type of molecule to _____ the cell _____

Answer 17

one
cross
membrane

Question 18

Describe Osmosis

The _______ of water to equalize its own _________

Answer 18

Diffusion

concentration

Question 19

Osmosis occurs when the membrane is permeable to ______ but not _______

Answer 19

water

solutes

Question 20

The cytoplasm is a nonspecific term for all materials between the_____ membrane and the __________

Answer 20

plasma

nucleus

Question 21

The cytoplasm contains? The cytosol , ______ and ________

Answer 21

cytoskeleton and organelles

Question 22

What is the cytosol? what is it made of?
________fluid that is 70-95 percent ______ plus dissolved and suspended components like_____ ______ ______ and _____ _____

Answer 22

Intracellular fluid
water
ions proteins carbs and amino acids

Question 23

what form of transport is Endocytosis? Describe its action

it is a type of______ ______ transport. The cell ________ extracellular materials using its _____ _______

Answer 23

active vesicular
envelops
cell membrane

Question 24

What from of transport is Exocytosis?
_____ _______ transport.
The membrane of the vesicle _____ with the cell membrane and the contents are ______ into the extracellular ____

Answer 24

Active vesicular
fuses
released/ejected
space

Question 25

Cytoskeleton is a network of what?

Answer 25

Protein filaments throughout the cytosol

Question 26

Name the filaments in the cytosol

_______ _______ and intermediate _______

Answer 26

Microtubules,
Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments

Question 27

Describe the Microtubule filament in the cytosol

it is _____. It ______ cell shape. It ______ compression, makes up _____ and flagella

Answer 27

Thicker,
maintains,
resist ,
cilia

Question 28

Describe the Microfilament in the cytosol
it is _____.
Its Primary component is _____

Answer 28

Thinner,

actin (protein that forms chains)

Question 29

Describe the intermediate filament in the cytosol
______ thickness.
Made up form the protein _______

Answer 29

Middle thickness,

keratin

Question 30

Name the 3 organelles the cytoplasm contains

Answer 30

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Lysosomes
Mitochondria

Question 31

Describe the cytoplasm organelle: The ER

is a network of thin _______ _____ found in a close association with the cell _____

Answer 31

membranous sacks

nucleolus

Question 32

Describe the cytoplasm organelle: The Rough ER

studded with numerous ________ witch are sites of ____ _____

Answer 32

ribosomes

protein synthesis.

Question 33

Describe the cytoplasm organelle: The Smooth ER
Synthesizes _________ and steroid hormones regulates the concentration of cellular _____, it also metabolizes _____ and breaks down _____

Answer 33

phospholipids,
Ca++,
carbs
toxins

Question 34

Describe the cytoplasm organelle: The Lysosomes

Answer 34

Contains enzymes that break down and digest unneeded cellular components including damaged organelles

Question 35

Describe the cytoplasm organelle: The Mitochondria

Answer 35

inner and outer lipid bilayer

site of Aerobic TP production

Question 36

in what cells is the in what tissues is the mitochondria present

Answer 36

metabolically active tissues such as muscle and nerve tissue

Question 37

The function and contents of the Nucleus

Answer 37

the cells control center,

contains genetic material that determines the structure and function of the cell

Question 38

Hypotonic concentration has what concentration of solutes?

Answer 38

a lower concentration of solutes

Question 39

When cells devide and multiply in the embryo and change in shape and structure the process is called?

Answer 39

differentiation

Question 40

when cells divide and multiply in the embryo and change in shape and structure, the process is called

Answer 40

Differentiation

Question 41

in the cell cycle witch phase follows 5 phase or Dna replication?

Answer 41

G2 phase or Protein synthesis