Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histo Block 4 > Thyroid Gland > Flashcards

Thyroid Gland Flashcards

1
Q

Is the colloid considered “inside” the thyroid cell

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Synthesis of thyroid hormone is initiated…. and completed…..

A

inside the cell….outside the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is thyroid hormone stored in secretion granules

A

no- in follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the advantages to storing thyroid hormone in colloid verses secretion granules

A

it allows the organ to store more hormone (this was very useful when your diets were such that Iodine levels were low)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What organ is closely associated with the thyroid gland

A

parathyroid gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 major components of the parathyroid gland

A

oxyphil cells, chief cells, and fatty tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Oxyphil cell morphology

A

Large cells (nuclei far apart), acidophilic (due to large amounts of mitochondria),

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Chief cell morphology

A

Poorly stained (due to glycogen), small (nuclei close together, resembles lymphocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Chief cell function in parathyroid gland

A

Synthesis and secretion of Parathyroid hormone (PTH).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Function of PTH

A

stimulates osteoclast to increase blood calcium concentrations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The hormone that is antagonistic to PTH is…

A

calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Do follicles hold active thyroid hormone

A

no- its prohormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Colloid is (acidophilic/basophilic) and (electron lucid/electron dense)

A

Acidophilic….electron dense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What cells secrete calcitonin

A

parafollicular cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

other names for parafollicular cells

A

clear cells (c-cell)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Function of calcitonin

A
  • inhibit osteoclasts

- Inhibit Ca uptake by the small intestine and kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Do parafollicular cells touch colloid

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

T/F: Parafollicular and follicular cells are simple cuboidal/columnar epithelium?

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the principle (chief) cell for the thyroid

A

follicular cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

If the epithelium around the follicle is columnar the organ is (more/less) active

A

more

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

If epithelium around the follicle is cuboidal the organ is (Less/more) active

A

less

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Is the parafollicular cell a secreting cell

A

yes

23
Q

What organelles do you expect to find in a secreting cell

A

golgi, RER, secretion granules

24
Q

EM of parafllicular cell

A
  • Follicular cells overlap the parafollicular cells to prevent it from touching the colloid
  • Secretion granules (small) located at the base of the cell near the capillary beds.
  • RER and golgi present
25
Q

What structures are located between the follicles

A

Collagen fibers containing BV, nerves (sympathetic and parasympathetic) and lymphatics

26
Q

Voids (white colored vacuoles) in the colloid are present due to…

A

artifacts (NOT reabsorption!)

27
Q

Why might we see nuclei in the colloid?

A

Epithelium is being regenerated

28
Q

Why might we see more heavily stained colloid in certain follicles verses others

A

More intensely stained colloid= more heavily concentrated with thyroglobulin

29
Q

Know the pathway for thyroid hormone synthesis

A

ok (slide 17)

30
Q

The apical surface of the follicular cell faces…

A

the colloid

31
Q

The basal surface of the follicular cell sits…

A

on the basement membrane

32
Q

The lateral surface of the follicular cell…

A

binds to adjacent cells

33
Q

Characteristics of the basal surface of follicular cells

A
  • LOTS of mitochondria
  • Sits on basement membrane (lucida (2), densa, and reticular layer).
  • Capillary is under the basement membrane (fenestrated with diaphragms)
34
Q

Would we expect to see lysosomes in follicular cells? Why?

A

Yes because the phagosome with iodine modified thyroglobulin is attacked by primary lysosomes

35
Q

Primary lysosome morphology

A

electron dense with membrane

36
Q

phagosome morphology

A

similar to primary lysosome only is less electron dense and lacks a membrane

37
Q

Secondary lysosome morphology

A

heterogenous matrix

38
Q

Important cell structures on apical surface of follicular cell

A
  • RER with dilated cisterns

- Short stubby microvilli

39
Q

Important cell structures on lateral surface of follicular cells

A
  • Terminal bar (ZO, ZA, MA)
  • Transport and secretion vesicles
  • Golgi (will be found near the vesicles)
40
Q

(ZO,ZA,MA) is a tight junction

A

ZO

41
Q

(ZO,ZA,MA) is a gap junction

A

ZA

42
Q

(ZO,ZA,MA) is a desmosome

A

MA

43
Q

Purpose of the terminal par in the follicular cell (2)

A
  • Holds cells together

- Prevents colloid from leaking into circulation

44
Q

Why does it make sense to find vesicles and golgi near the lateral/apical surface of the cell

A

Thyroglobulin is being exocytosed into the colloid

45
Q

Slide 30 is a nice pathway

A

ok

46
Q

T/F The thyroid gland does not have a CT capsule

A

F

47
Q

What makes up the lobules of the thyroid gland

A

Septa from the capsule

48
Q

Activity of the thyroid gland is controlled by…

A 
Pituitary gland (TSH)
Hypothalymus (thyroid releasing factor)
49
Q

T/F Follicles are always round

A

F: Compressible

50
Q

What is the function of the oxyphil cell

A

nobody knows

51
Q

There are two types of chief cells in the parathyroid (light and dark) what makes these two differe

A

Amount og glycogen (light= more glycogen because glycogen doesn’t stain)

52
Q

There is (more/less) fatty tissue in a younger individual

A

less

53
Q

T/F The parathyroid hormone ONLY contains chief cells until childhood

A

true

54
Q

What regulates the parathyroid gland

A

blood Ca levels

Histo Block 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions