Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histo Block 4 > Adrenal Gland > Flashcards

Adrenal Gland Flashcards

1
Q

Long arteries penetrate the capsule to get to…

A

the cortex and medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Short arteries form capillary beds in…

A

the cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hormone producted in the zona glomerulosa (ZG)

A

aldosterone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Hormone producted in the zona fasiculata (ZF)

A

Cortisol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Hormone producted in the zona reticularis (ZR)

A

DHEA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which layer shuttles byproducts to and from the SER and mitochondria to produce their hormone

A

ZG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which layer has lots of lipid droplets within the cell

A

ZF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The cells in which layer contain secretion granules in the cortex of the gland

A

None because the hormone is secreted immediately after synthesis in the adrenal gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which layer is poorly stained

A

ZF (due to lipid droplets)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which layer may contain lipofuscin pigment

A

ZR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which layer is amphophilic (stains with acidic and basic dyes)

A

ZG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which layer is acidophilic

A

ZR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which layer contains an abundant number of lysosomes (EM)

A

ZR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which layer contains lots of SER

A

All of them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which layer contains tubule-vesicular mitochondrial cristae (long)

A

ZF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which layer contains short tubular mito. crust (look like vesicles)

A

ZR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What layer contains elongated, broad and flat mito. cristae

A

ZG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Arrangement of cells in ZG

A

round balls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Arrangement of cells in ZF

A

straight cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Arrangement of cells in ZR

A

branched cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Which layer has straight sinusoidal capilaries

A

ZF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

BV present in the medulla

A

post capillary venues and medullary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Outer most layer of the adrenal gland

A

capsule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What’s the name of the cells in the ZF with lots of lipid droplets

A

spongiocytes

25
Q

What lines sinusoidal capillaries

A

epithelium

26
Q

Endothelium in sinusoidal capillaries is…

A

fenestrated with diaphragms

27
Q

Name two structures that can be found on the capsule of the adrenal gland

A

Major BV of adrenal gland (i.e superior, middle, or inferior suprarenal a.) and autonomic nerve cells

28
Q

If you find an arteriole in the ZR, what can we likely conclude it is?

A

Long artery

29
Q

What is found between the capsule and ZG

A

smooth muscle

30
Q

Other than Mitochondrial cristae what is another way to distinguish cells in the ZF from the ZG and ZR

A

lipid droplets

31
Q

Which region of the adrenal cortex do NOT contain the medulla

A

tail

32
Q

Are the layers of the adrenal gland of uniform thickness

A

no

33
Q

Difference between post capillary venule and medullary vein

A

Medullary vein has several layers of smooth muscle surrounding it.

34
Q

What makes medullary veins different from the suprarenal veins

A

medullary veins lack adventitia and have less smooth muscle

35
Q

What are the two types of cells in the medulla

A

Darkly and lightly stained chromaffin cells

36
Q

What do chromaffin cells stain with

A

Bichromate salts

37
Q

What do the darkly stained chromaffin cells secrete

A

Noradrenaline

38
Q

What do the lightly stained chromaffin cells secrete

A

adrenaline

39
Q

What are the cells that signal the chromaffin cells to secrete their hormone

A

preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers

40
Q

How can you ID preganglionic sympathetic fibers in the medulla

A

Basophilic, Eccentric nucleus, prominent nucleolus, and satellite cells

41
Q

Do chromaffin cells have secretion granules

A

yes

42
Q

Color of chromaffin cells when stained with bichromate salts

A

brown (dark chromaffin) Red (light chromaffin)

43
Q

Organelles in the chromaffin cells seen with EM

A

(organelles you would expect to see in secretory cells) RER, Golgi, secretion vesicles

44
Q

Light chromaffin cells have (large/small) secretion granules

A

small

45
Q

Dark chromaffin cells have (large/small) secretion granules

A

large

46
Q

The cortex of the adrenal gland secretes (peptide/steroid) hormones

A

steroid (all derived from cholesterol)

47
Q

Where is the cholestrol used to produce the steroid hormones in the adrenal gland stored

A

lipid droplets

48
Q

Where are the steroid hormones produced in the adrenal gland modified

A

SER and mitochondria

49
Q

Are steroid hormones produced in the adrenal cortex stored

A

no

50
Q

What is norepinephrine made from

A

tyrosine

51
Q

Describe the synthesis process of norepinephrine

A

Made from tyrosine in secretion granules, released into the cytoplasm, converted to epinephrine and resorbed and stored by granules.

52
Q

Role of aldosterone in the body

A

absorption of Na+ and water by the kidney- raises blood pressure

53
Q

Blank stimulated the release of aldosterone by the ZG

A

angiotensin 2

54
Q

What stimulates the ZF to secrete cortisol

A

CRH, ACTH and gluconeogenesis by the liver

55
Q

(Darkly or lightly) stain chromaffin cells have halos around their secretion granules

A

darkly

56
Q

Physiological effects of norepinephrine

A

vasoconstriction (elevated blood pressure)

57
Q

Physiological effects of epinephrine

A

Increased heart rate and output

58
Q

What stimulated the secretion of norepiephrine/ epinephrine

A

preganglionic sympathetic nerve fibers (acetylcholine)

59
Q

Where do the long and short cortical arteries drain

A

in medulla (medullary veins for long cortical arteries)

Histo Block 4 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions