Thyroid Flashcards
3 things that Thyroid Hormones do
Thyroid gland follicles
Doesnt matter
Major Pathways for the Biosynth and Secretion of THyroid Hormones
Thyriod Hormones
What are they? And what are they derived from?
First isolated one?
Other hormones aid in the regulation of metabolism, protein synth, breakdown and heart, kidney, and brain function what are the 2?
Iodinated Compounds of the Thyroid Gland 5
Iodide Metabolism
Flow chart
What is the first step in thyroid synthesis?
How can this be blocked?
Formation of Iodotyrosine Residues
How is iodide oxidized to a higher state? What is the substrate? What catalyzes it?
Coupling of Iodotyrosine Residues
What catalyzes this Rxn?
Where does this take place? And what is formed?
Deiodination of Thyroxine (T4)
What is the enzyme? What are the types of this enzyme and where are they located in the body?
What is the main source of rT3?
Metabolism of Thyroxine (T4)
What type of Deiodinases are used in the outer ring?
Inner ring?
Where does conjugation occur?
Ether bond cleavage?
Oxidative deamination?
Thyroid Diseases
Hypothyroidisms
Decrease in? Increase in? Intolerance to?
2 types of things
One you have no thyroid hormone during childhood
Other you have an enlarged thyroid gland
Hyperthyroidism
What is the one disease?
Increase in? Increase in? Excess of? Low levels of?
Autoimmune disease that causes the body to produce too much thyroid hormone, resulting in overactive gland
Natural Dessicated Thyroid and Thyroglobulin
What are teh preparations?
What does it contain?
Used to be good
What is synthroid?
Strong?
Onset of action compared to T3 or Thyroid?
Increases serum? and?
Cytomel
What is it?
What type of strength?
Onset and DOA?
Treatment of choice for what pts?
Thyrolar
Mixture of?
PO?
Antithyroid Drugs
Iodide
What does it do?
What is it used for?
Radioactive?
Thionamide what is it?
MOA?
What does it tx?
What are the most clinically useful one?
Propylthiouracil (Thionamide)
What type of drug?
MOA?
Doses compared to MMI?
What group is required for activity?
What 2 things enhance potency?
What else is required for activity?
Methimazole, Carbimazole
What is it? What are there durations of action?
MOA?
Doses compard to PTU?
Difference between the two?
Drugs in testing
Thyroid hormone analogues Antagonist
WHy were they designed?
BDHB
2,6diiodothyronine
Thyroid Hormone Analogues SAR
What core structure is required?
Best when?
What is essential on R4?
R3 larger subs do what to activity? Optimal group here?
What is optimal are R1? What isomer is more active?
What brigde is preferred?
Requires what at the 3,5 position?
