Insulin

Question 1

Pancreatic functions flow chart

Answer 1

Question 2

Glucose Metabolism

Huge chart

Answer 2

Question 3

Insulin Secretion from B-cells

What 3 things is insulin secretion regulated by

Answer 3

Question 4

Insulin Secretion from B-cells

What is the most common regulator?

What causes glucose uptake into B-cells?

What traps sugar?

What follows?

Continues on next slide

elevated

Answer 4

Question 5

Insulin Secretion from B-cells

ITs the chemical process of insulin release

Answer 5

Question 6

6 actions of insulin on the liver

4 inhibitory

2 promoter

Answer 6

Question 7

Actions of insulin on the liver chart form

Answer 7

Question 8

Actions of insulin on Skeletal muscles

Promotes and Increases what?

Answer 8

Question 9

Actions of insulin on Adipose

What does it increase?

Answer 9

Question 10

DM pathophysiology

All tissues require?

What does insulin promote?

Answer 10

Question 11

Dm glycogenolysis

Signals from starved cells

Answer 11

Question 12

DM Hyperglycemia

Continuation of other slide

Answer 12

Question 13

Dm: Gluconeogenesis and Azoturia

What does continued shortage of glucose within cells cause?

How is Azoturia caused?

Answer 13

Question 14

Dm hyperlipidemia

What does lack of intracellular glucose also increase?

Answer 14

Question 15

Dm ketogenesis

What is it? Accelerated what?

Answer 15

Question 16

DM sorbitol

Glucose to this with what enzyme?

How are glucose spikes dealt with in the body?

Answer 16

Question 17

DM sorbitol

If there is repeated spiking what happens to sorbitol?

What are some diseases?

Answer 17

Question 18

DM1 and DM2 Chart

comparison

Answer 18

Question 19

Insulin has two chains

Answer 19

B and A Chain

Question 20

Insulin preparations

Regular Insulin

5

and

Recombinant

3

Answer 20

Question 21

Regular Insulin preparations

Immunogenicity from with different animal uses

Answer 21

Question 22

What three things are used to classify insulins?

Categories for DOA 4 name the ones in each

Answer 22

Question 23

Crystalline Zinc insulin

DOA?

What is added to improve stability?

Answer 23

Question 24

What happens to Crystalline Zinc after SC injection? What does this give in terms of activity?

In emergencies can be given as?

Answer 24

Question 25

Isophane (NPH, Neutral Protamine Hagedorn)

DOA

Combination of what two things?

What is the protamine?

Answer 25

Question 26

Isophane

Solubility?

After injectionhow does it work?

When an isophane is formed what is acheived?

Answer 26

Question 27

Ultralente form

what does it =?

Solubility? What does this give the compound? What forms?

Answer 27

Question 28

Semilente

=?

What type of insulin?

at high pH?

Not suitable for what form?

Solubility?

Answer 28

Question 29

Lente

DOA?

lente=?

Combination of what two things give it good properties?

Answer 29

Question 30

No

Answer 30

Question 31

Lispro

DOA?

What AAs? Something is switched what is it?

Answer 31

Question 32

No

Answer 32

Question 33

Lispro

What does the switching of its two AAs do?

Solubility?

What isnt changed?

Answer 33

Question 34

Other rapid acting

Answer 34

Question 35

Glargine

DOA?
What is the substitution?

Answer 35

Question 36

NO

Answer 36

Question 37

Glargine (Lantus)

Solubility?

How does it work? What does it provide?

Pharmacology like?

Answer 37

Question 38

Insulin Determir

What happens

Answer 38

Question 39

Insulin summary

Onset

Peak

DOA

Answer 39

Question 40

Administration methods

Answer 40

Question 41

Exubera?

Answer 41

Question 42

Oral?

Answer 42

Question 43

Non-Insulin hormone drugs

Amylin

MOA?

Answer 43

Question 44

Pramlintide

What is it?

Answer 44

Question 45

GLP1 MOA? ehat is it?

Answer 45

Question 46

DPP-4 inhibitors and incretin mimetics?

Answer 46

Question 47

Exanatide? What is it?

Answer 47

Question 48

Saxagliptin?

Vidagliptin?

Answer 48

Question 49

Janumet?

What is the combination?

Answer 49