Cholesterol Flashcards
What are the four major lipids found in the blood stream?
Where is cholesterol found?
What 4 things is cholesterol the precursor for?
NRTI Clinical
- Almost all require dose adjustments in CrCl
- Who are the exceptions 2
- What 3 have activity against hep b
- Which one should not be mixed with Alcohol?
- Which one needs to be given on an empty stomach
- What is given to mothers and infants
- What isnt a major issue?
NRTI Clinical Pearls More
- Class Adverse Effects
- Individual AEs
- 2 are pretty good but have Nausea and Vom
- Which one causes osteoporosis and renal toxicity
- Associated with MI and Hypersensitivity?
- Causes “m” toxicity, bone marrow suppression and myopathy
- “p” toxicities, pancreatitis, peripheral neuropathy, pink skin
- Which one straight up isnts used because of toxicity?
Cholesterol is the biosynth pathway
Bile acids/salts
What is coverted into these? What do they do? What are the steps in the pathway?
Biosynth of Cholesterol
Pathway in depth
Triglycerides and Phospholipids
How are TGs used in the body?
What do phospholipids form?
How do Cholesterol, TGs, and Phospholipids become solublized?
Lipoproteins
What do they do what are they?
How are they identified? What are the four types?
Lipoproteins
Describe, VLDL, IDL, LDL, HDL
Role of LDL in Plaque formation
Flowchart
Plasma cholesterol levels
Diseases and lipid disorders
3 of them describe them
Coronary Heart Disease
What is an underlying cause?
Drug therapy options chart
To decrease plasma cholesterol and LDL 3 of them
To increase TG clearance 1
To decrease VLDL formation only one
Bile Acid Sequesterants
What are they chemically classified as?
What do they do?
What is their indirect effect?
Cholestyramine
What functions as the anion binding site?
Colestipol
Colesevelam
Form and when should it be taken?
Why are Bile Acid Sequesterants safer than other drugs?
These have the potential of?
How long can it take sometimes?
HMG CoA reducatase Is
Inhibit the coversion of HMG CoA to?
Three ways HMG CoA reducatase I lower plasma cholesterol levels
What do all HMG CoA reducatase I require? All lactones are?
3 natural 3 synthetic HMG CoA reducatase I
Lovastatin, Simvastatin, Pravastatin all have what in their stucture?
Red Yeast Rice contains significant quantities of?
Pravastatin has the same structure as Sim and Lova but two additions to increase hydrophilicity?
Fluva
Has recently been shown to have what type of activity?
The bicyclic ring of the natural statins is replaced with what?
Atorvastatin
Unlike other statins this one isnt extensively metabolized where?
What is in the middle of it?
Rosuvastatin
DOA?
Instead of bicyclic ring it has?
Only one with what core?
PK
Ezetamide
MOA
Inhibits what and where?
What is its major affect?
What is it selective for?
What is the active form of ezetamide?
What is Vytorin?
Fibrates are analogs of? In their active form they are all?
Agonists at what receptor?
Decrease levels of what two things?
Clofibrate
What do all fibrates need?
What does this one have? Meaning something needs to happen
fenofibrate
What type of drug?
Gemfibrozil Doesnt need?
Niacin
Inhibits what in adipose tissue?
Ultimately decreases? what
