Thrombosis

Question 1

Arterial thrombosis results from which process?

Answer 1

Atherosclerosis

Question 2

What happens in atherosclerosis?

Answer 2

Damage to endothelium
Recruitment of foamy macrophages which are rich in cholesterol
This forms plaques

Question 3

If atherosclerotic plaques rupture, what are recruited to cause an acute thrombosis? and why?

Answer 3

Platelets

Rupture of atherosclerotic plaque exposes endothelium and vWF is released. This attracts platelets to the area

Question 4

Arterial thrombosis - examples of things which cause this

Answer 4

MI
Unstable angina
Stroke

Question 5

What is the function of platelets in arterial thrombosis?

Answer 5

Platelets are recruited
Platelets become activated and this activates coagulation and recruits other platelets to the area, developing a platelet plug.

Question 6

name 4 risk factors for arterial thrombosis

Answer 6

Hypertension
Smoking
Hypercholesterolaemia
Diabetes mellitus

Question 7

Management of arterial thrombosis

Answer 7

Anti platelet medication

- aspirin

Question 8

Venous thrombosis - platelets become activated. True or false?

Answer 8

False

Question 9

What are the 3 components of Virchow’s Triad?

Answer 9

Stasis
Vessel wall (valves)
Hypercoagulability

Question 10

What is activated in venous thrombosis?

Answer 10

Coagulation cascade

Question 11

Venous thrombosis - clinical features

Answer 11

Unilateral hot, swollen, tender, pitting oedema in the leg

Question 12

Venous thrombosis - management

Answer 12

Anti-coagulants

Question 13

Venous thrombosis - risk factors

Answer 13

Increasing age 
Obesity 
Immobility 
Previous malignancy 
Post surgery 
Pregnancy