Thrombocytopenia

Question 1

Thrombocytopenia: Etiology

Answer 1

can be:
1) inherited (Fanconi anemia (pancytopenia)
Hereditary thrombocytopenia)
2) acquired in nature.
-immune (ex.ITP)
-non-immune (ie. shortened circulation, Turbulent blood flow )
-durg/herb caused (digoxin, heparin)

Question 2

normal platelet count

Answer 2

(150,000 - 450,000/µL (150 × 109/L)).

Question 3

symptoms of Thrombocytopenia

Answer 3

normally asymptomatic
main symptom is bleeding
Epistaxis
Gingival bleeding
Petechiae
eccymoses

Question 4

Thrombocytopenia Can cause internal bleeding, observe for:

Answer 4

Weakness
Dizzyness
Fainting
Increased pulse, decreased BP
Abdominal pain

Signs of internal bleeding

• pain,
• weakness,
• tachycardia,
• hypotension,
• fainting,
• dizziness

Question 5

Thrombocytopenia Diagnostics include:

Answer 5

Platelet count (normal 150,000–300,000/mm3)
PT (normal 10–14s)
aPTT (normal 22–30s)

Question 6

Thrombocytopenia Nursing care:

Answer 6

Gentle mouth care, daily inspection
Avoid needles, razors, pad surfaces to reduce bruising
Observe for signs of blood loss
No ASA
Avoid straining on BM, coughing, sneezing (Straining can cause bleeding even in the brain)

Question 7

Hemophilia and Von Willebrand Disease symptoms

Answer 7

slow persistent, prolonged bleeding with minor trauma and small cuts.
  delayed bleeding after minor injuries
  Uncontrolled hemorrhage after dental
  Irritation of the gingiva 
  epistaxis
  Bleeding ulcers, 
  ecchymosis

Question 8

goal with hemophilia

Answer 8

to Prevent and treat bleeding with replacement therapy.

Question 9

goal with thrombocytopenia

Answer 9

Have no gross or occult bleeding
Maintain vascular integrity (avoid bleeding)
Manage home care to prevent any complications related to an increased risk for bleedingIt is important that the patient be taught to maintain bleeding precautions to prevent further complications.

Question 10

causes of Neutropenia

Answer 10

Can result from drug therapy, hematological disorders, autoimmune disorders, infections, hemodialysis, transfusion reactions and sepsis (to name a few).

Question 11

symptoms of Neutropenia

Answer 11

signs of infection
Fever
Sore throat
SOB
Canker sores
Non-productive cough

Question 12

What white blood cell count and differential measure (WBC & dif)?

Answer 12

A white blood cell (WBC): count measures the number of white blood cells in your blood,

WBC differential: determines the percentage of each type of white blood cell present in your blood.

Question 13

What might cause a high white blood cell count?

Answer 13

Viral or bacterial infection. Inflammation. Excessive physical or emotional stress (such as fever, injury, or surgery)

Question 14

What is lymphocytosis?

Answer 14

a high lymphocyte count, is an increase in white blood cells called lymphocytes.