Heparin

Question 1

Heparin

Answer 1

An anticoagulant that prevents clot formation
Can be 
-unfractionated heparin
-low molecular weight heparin
-a heparinoid.

Question 2

Unfractionated heparin (UFH)

Answer 2

inactivates several coagulation enzymes, including Factors IIa (thrombin), Xa, IXa, XIa, and XIIa, by binding to the cofactor AT2

Question 3

Heparin side effects

Answer 3

• decreased bone density (osteoporosis)
• bleeding
• decreased plates (stimulates the formation of antibodies that cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia)
•

Question 4

Heparin routes

Answer 4

SubCut

IV

Question 5

Low molecular weight Heparin

Answer 5

• Derived from unfractionated Heparin.
• Improved bioavailability and increased plasma elimination half-life, and exerts a greater inhibitory effect on plasma activity of coagulation factor Xa

• Ex. Dalteparin (fragmin)

Question 6

The international normalized ratio (INR)

Answer 6

• is a calculation based on results of a PT and is used to monitor individuals who are being treated with the blood-thinners
• Normal INR – 1.1 or below
• Individuals requiring anticoagulant therapy require their INR to be between 2 and 3
• A high INR means that blood clots more slowly.
• A lower INR means blood clots more quickly.

Question 7

what creates an INR that is to high – slow to clot

Answer 7

Blood-thinning medications

Liver problems

Inadequate levels of proteins that cause blood to clot

Vitamin K deficiency

Other substances in your blood that hinder the work of clotting factor

Question 8

what creates an INR that is too low – clotting occurs to quickly

Answer 8

Supplements that contain vitamin K

High intake of foods that contain vitamin K, such as liver, broccoli, chickpeas, green tea, kale, turnip greens and products that contain soybeans

Estrogen-containing medications, such as birth control pills and hormone replacement therapy