Resp Pharmacology

Question 1

Beta-adrenergicagonists and anticholinergics

Side effects

Answer 1

irritability, nervousness, tachycardia, insomnia and anxiety are common side effects of beta adrenergic agonist bronchodilators that result from sympathetic nervous system stimulation

Question 2

Beta-adrenergicagonists and anticholinergics

TREATS

Answer 2

prevent and treat wheezing, difficulty breathing, chest tightness caused by lung diseases such as asthma, and COPD;

Question 3

Beta-adrenergicagonists and anticholinergics

Educating patient

Answer 3

• patient should use an aero chamber and hold their breath for 10 seconds after inhaling the medication and wait for 2 full minutes before the second inhalation.
  Limit the use of caffeine.
  Report any difficulty breathing, change in eyesight, heart palpitations, tremor, nervousness, and vomiting.
  Bronchodilator should be taken before other inhalers

Question 4

Methylxanthines and anticholinergics

NURSING Considerations

Answer 4

Methylxanthines can dry mucous membranes.
Anticholinergics should be used cautiously in elderly men with BPH and cllients with glaucoma.
Anticolinergics can aggravate urine retention.
The first dose may precipitate bronchospasm.
Elderly may exhibit increased toxicity related to decreased hepatic metabolism.

Question 5

Glucocorticoids

Nursing considerations

Answer 5

Used cautiously in clients with HTN, GI disease, CHF, or thromboembolic disease.
Glucocorticoids can mask the signs of infection so patients should be aware of signs and symptoms of simple infections.
Rinse mouth after using steroid inhalers because they promote fungal infections of the mouth and throat.
Can increase BS with diabetics - monitoring

Question 6

Antitussives - opioids

Nursing considerations

Answer 6

Monitor for drowsiness
Should only be used when cough is interfering with ADLs
Should only be used for maximum 3 days unless approved by physician