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Clinical I > Thrombocytes > Flashcards

Thrombocytes Flashcards

1
Q

Where do thrombocytes originate?

A

Bone marrow

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2
Q

Where is thrombopoietin produced?

A

In the liver and kidney

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3
Q

What is thrombopoietin?

A

A glycoprotein hormone which regulates the production of platelets

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4
Q

What is endomitosis? (aka endoreduplication)

A

Nuclear division without cytoplasmic division

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5
Q

How many times can a megakaryocte divide during development?

A

2-5 times

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6
Q

What is a proplatelet?

A

The long extension on a megakaryocyte

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7
Q

How long do thrombocytes remain in circulation?

A

7-10 days

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8
Q

As platelets age, do they become more or less functional?

A

Less

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9
Q

At any one time, about 2/3 of all platelets in the body are found in circulation. Where is the other 1/3?

A

The spleen

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10
Q

What causes the body to fragment and release platelets?

A

Contraction of the spleen due to epinephrine release

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11
Q

What is the main function of a thrombocyte?

A

Hemostasis

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12
Q

Thrombocytes release thrombospondin during inflammation and infection. What does thrombospondin do?

A

It causes bacteria to adhere to the thrombocytes

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13
Q

Endothelial injury exposes ________, which attracts platelets

A

Collagen

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14
Q

What helps to mediate plate adhesion?

A

Von Willabrand factor

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15
Q

____ in combination with ADP recruit more platelets to form a plug

A

TXA2

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16
Q

What chemical activates the intrinsic coagulation system?

A

PF-3 (platelet factor 3)

17
Q

TXA2 and PF-3 are both chemicals released during hemostasis. Where is each released from?

A

TXA2 - from the damaged tissue

PF-3 - from a platelet once it is stuck to the area being repaired

18
Q

How many thrombocytes are normally present in 1 microliter of blood?

A

200,000-400,000 in an absolute count

19
Q

How low must the thrombocyte count fall for spontaneous bleeding to occur? (in thrombocytes/microliter)

A
20
Q

What is the difference between thrombocytopenia and thrombocytopathia?

A

Thrombocytopenia is decrease in platelet number, and thrombocytopathia is decrease in platelet function

21
Q

What is thrombocytosis?

A

Increased platelet count

22
Q

What are the 3 causes of thrombocytosis?

A

Essential thrombocythemia: too many platelets are being produced
Secondary thrombocytosis: the body is reacting to something
Physiological thrombocytosis: a physiologic occurrence in the body is causes an increase in platelets

23
Q

What are the clinical signs of thrombocytopenia/thrombocytopathia?

A

Petechia, melena/hematochezia, hematuria, epistaxis, cutaneous ecchymose, and prolonged or excessive bleeding

Clinical I (12 decks)

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