Thorax, Topnotch Flashcards
Xiphoid process becomes bony by
40 years
Xiphisternal junction lies at what vertebral level
T9
Level: Azygous vein drains into SVC
Sternal angle of Louis
Ribs #
24 (12 pairs)
Rib, head: Articular facets are separated by
Crest
Rib, neck: Located between
1) Head
2) Tubercle
Rib, tubercle: Non-articular part is attached to
Lateral costotransverse ligament
Typical ribs, #
3-9
Atypical ribs, #
1-2, 10-12
Rib: Broadest and most curved
Rib 1
Rib: Has tuberosity for serratus anterior
Rib 2
Rib: No neck or tubercle
Rib 11-12
Rib: Weakest point
Just anterior to the angle
Rib: Rarely fractured
1
Rib: Most commonly fractured
7-10
Costal margin: Formed by
Medial ends of 7th-10th costal cartilages
Costal margin: Right and left margin form
Costal arch
Type of joint: Costosternal angle of rib 1
Cartilaginous
Where thoracic cavity communicates with root of neck
Thoracic outlet
Thoracic outlet: Anterior boundary
Suprasternal notch
Thoracic outlet: Lateral boundary
Medial border of first rib
Thoracic outlet: Posterior boundary
T1
Inferior thoracic aperture: Anterior boundary
Xiphisternal joint
Inferior thoracic aperture: Anterolateral boundary
Costal margin
Inferior thoracic aperture: Posterolateral boundary
Rib 11-12
Inferior thoracic aperture: Posterior boundary
T12
Part of brachial plexus compressed in thoracic outlet syndrome
Lower trunk
Compression of lower trunk in thoracic outlet syndrome produces
1) Pain down the medial forearm and hand
2) Wasting of hand muscles
Muscles of thoracic wall, #
8
Thorax: Transverse diameter produces what inspiratory movement
Bucket handle
Thorax: AP diameter produces what inspiratory movement
Pump handle
Effect on thoracic diameters: Inspiration
Increases all diameters
Effect on thoracic diameters: Expiration
Decreases all diameters
Muscles that depress the ribs
1) Serratus posterior
2) Internal intercostals
3) Transverus thoracis
Muscles of the thoracic wall
1) Serratus posterior superior and inferior (2)
2) External, internal, and innermost intercostals (3)
3) Levator costarum (1)
4) Subcostal (1)
5) Transversus thoracis (1)
Common insertion of thoracic wall muscles
Ribs
Thoracic wall muscles: Originate from vertebra
1) Serratus posterior superior and inferior
2) Levator costarum
Thoracic wall muscles: Originate from sternum
Transversus thoracis
Mediastinum, boundaries: Superior
Root of neck
Mediastinum, boundaries: Inferior
Diaphragm
Mediastinum, boundaries: Anterior
1) Sternum
2) Costal cartilages
3) Xiphisternal joint
Mediastinum, boundaries: Posterior
Bodies of T1-12
Mediastinum, contents: Superior, #
13
1) LN
2) Trachea
3) Esophagus
4) Thoracic duct
5) Aortic arch
6) Brachiocephalic artery and veins
7) Left common carotid
8) Left subclavian
9) SVC
10) Thymus
11) Vagus nerve
12) Phrenic nerve
13) SY trunk
Mediastinum, contents: Anterior, #
3
1) LN
2) Thymus
3) Sternopericardial ligament
Mediastinum, contents: Middle
6
1) Heart
2) Pericardium
3) Root of great vessels
4) LN
5) Phrenic nerve
6) Main bronchi
Mediastinum, contents: Posterior
8
1) LN
2) Vagus
3) SY trunk
4) Thoracic duct
5) Esophagus
6) Azygous vein
7) Hemiazygous vein
8) Descending thoracic aorta
