Thorax and Temporomandibular Joint

Question 1

What is the purpose of ventilation?

Answer 1

Allows for exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between alveoli of lungs and blood

Question 2

What is the normal total lung capacity?

Answer 2

5.5 to 6 L of air

Question 3

What is vital capacity? Normal value?

Answer 3

Maximal volume of air that can be exhaled after maximal inhalation
Normal: 4.5 L

Question 4

What is tidal volume? Normal value?

Answer 4

Volume of air moved in/out of lungs during ventilation cycle.
Normal: 0.5L

Question 5

What is the thorax comprised of?

Answer 5

Ribcage, thoracic vertebrae, sternum.

Question 6

Articulations of the thorax

Answer 6

Manubriosternal jt
Sternocostal jt
Interchondral jts
Costocorpeal/costotransverse jts
Thoracic intervertebral jts

Question 7

Which ribs are true ribs?

Answer 7

1-7

Question 8

Which ribs articulate with costal cartilages of above rib?

Answer 8

8-10

Question 9

Which ribs are floating?

Answer 9

11 and 12

Question 10

What is the manubriosternal articulation?

Answer 10

Sternal angle– it’s a fibrocartilagenous disc (synchondrosis)

Question 11

Xiphosternal joint description

Answer 11

also synchondrosis that ossifies eventually

Question 12

Describe the costovertebral

Answer 12

Head of rib, two adjacent vertebral bodies and intervertebral disc

Question 13

Typical vs atypical costovertebral joints

Answer 13

typical = 2 articular facets (2-9)
atypical = only one articulation with vertebral body (numbered by that body. ribs 1 and 10-12).

Question 14

What type of joint are costovertebral joints?

Answer 14

Synovial.

Question 15

Costotransverse is which type of joint?

Answer 15

Synovial.

Question 16

What is the costotransverse joint?

Answer 16

Costal tubercle of rib with costal facet of TP– ribs articulate with the same number on TVertebrae.

Question 17

Costosternal joints
1 is which kind?
2-7 are which kind?

Answer 17

1 = synchondrosis

2-7 are synovial

Question 18

What is the costosternal joint?

Answer 18

Articulation between costal cartilage of ribs 1-7 and the sternum.

Question 19

What are interchondral joints?

Answer 19

ribs 5-10 each articulate with the cartilage above them.

Question 20

Interchondral joints are which kind?

Answer 20

Synovial.