Knee

Question 1

What is the main function of the knee?

Answer 1

Stability, allow for mobility in clearing during gait

Question 2

Function of the fibula

Answer 2

lateral stabilizer– indirect attachment for LCL, but not true contributor to knee joint

Question 3

Which is larger, lateral or medial plateau?

Answer 3

Medial

Question 4

Patella’s base is _______ and apex is _______-

Answer 4

base superior

apex inferior

Question 5

Anterior surface is ________, posterior is ______________

Answer 5

ant = convex in all directions
post = both convex and concave. covered with cartilage.

Question 6

PRIMARY function of patellla

Answer 6

increase angle of application (MA of quadriceps)

Question 7

SECONDARY function of patella

Answer 7

protect quad tendon from excessive friction

Question 8

Genu Valgum excessive angle

Answer 8

Greater than 170

Question 9

Genu Varum excessive angle

Answer 9

Greater than 180

Question 10

Genu valgum compresses the knee ______

Genu varum compresses the knee _______

Answer 10

valgum = laterally

varum = medially

Question 11

Most relaxed position of the TF capsule

Answer 11

Slight flexion (15 to 30 degrees)

Question 12

Blood supply of menisci is greatest where?

Answer 12

Periphery

red-red zone –> red-white zone–>white-white zone

Question 13

Medial meniscus shape vs lateral meniscus shape

Answer 13

medial = semicircular
lateral = circular

Question 14

Primary functions of menisci

Answer 14

reduce compressive forces, stabilize joint during motion

Question 15

In what knee position can internal or external knee rotation occur?

Answer 15

Slightly flexed

Question 16

Flexion/Extension AOR

Answer 16

Medial-Lateral

Question 17

Closed Chain Arthrokinematics of Knee EXTENSION

Answer 17

Prox on distal = femur on tibia = convex on concave = femoral condyles roll anteriorly and glide posteriorly

Question 18

Open chain arthokinematic of knee EXTENSION

Answer 18

Distal on proximal = tibia on femur = concave on convex = tibia rolls and glides anteriorly

Question 19

Arthrokinematics of screw home mechanism- open chain

Answer 19

tibia on femur = popliteus initiates tibial IR

Question 20

Arthrokinematics of screw home mech - closed chain

Answer 20

Femur on tibia = popliteus initiates femoral ER

Question 21

Open chain AK of knee flexion

Answer 21

tibia rolls and glides posteriorly

Question 22

Closed chain AK of knee flexion

Answer 22

femoral condyles roll posteriorly and glide anteriorly

Question 23

Is MCL vascularized?

Answer 23

Yes

Question 24

MCL protects more when it is _______

Answer 24

Extended

Question 25

MCL and LCL resist more when they are in slight

Answer 25

flexion (since they're not as taught)

Question 26

Primary function of ACL

Answer 26

anterior displacement of the tibia on femoral condyles

Question 27

Fibers of ACL taught with knee how?

Answer 27

Close to full extension

Question 28

How is ACL most commonly torn?

Answer 28

Knee slightly flexed and tibia is rotated to either direction (forceful quad contraction pulls tibia anteriorly whichs trains ACL)

Question 29

PCL is taught in knee

Answer 29

flexion

Question 30

Knee Flexed 135-- where is pt of max contact between patella and femur?

Answer 30

Superior pole of patella

Question 31

Knee Flexed 90 -- where is pt of max contact between patella and femur?

Answer 31

Middle of patella

Question 32

Knee Flexed 20-- where is point of max contact between patella and femur?

Answer 32

Inferior pole of patella

Question 33

As knee extends...max contact between patella and femur...

Answer 33

moves from superior pole to inferior pole of patella

Question 34

Where is Q angle measured?

Answer 34

ASIS to mid-patella, tibial tuberosity to mid-patella

Question 35

Normal Q angle for women and men

Answer 35

15 women, 11 men (>15 is abnormal)... used to assess pull on patella

Question 36

In sitting-- external torque of flexed knee then extended knee

Answer 36

flexed knee: 0 | extended knee: near 100

Question 37

In standing (femur on tib) --external torque of flexed knee then extended knee

Answer 37

100 to 0 (in extension you hang on your ligaments)

Question 38

Maximal torque of hamstrings

Answer 38

about 30 degrees (near full knee extension)

Question 39

Pes anserine function in knee

Answer 39

Provide medial stability, internally rotates tibia

Question 40

Popliteus function in knee

Answer 40

IR, flexor -- unlocks the knee