Thorax and Larynx Flashcards
What are the “typical ribs”
ribs 3-9
What attaches/passes near to rib 1
➔ articulates w/ T1, manubrium ➔ anterior scalene m. (scalene tubercle) ➔ middle scalene m. ➔ subclavian v anterior to: scalene tub., ant. scalene m., subclavian a. (in groove) ➔ posterior: inf. trunk of brachial plexus
what attaches to rib 2
tuberosity for serratus ant. m. articulates w/ sternal angle (where manubrium and body meet)
What are all of the lines of the thorax (7)
- Anterior Medial Line (AML) 2. Midclavicular Line 3. Anterior Axillary Line 4. Midaxillary Line (MAL) 5. Posterior Axillary Line 6. Scapular Lines 7. Posterior Median Line (PML)
What’s special about rib 10?
articulates w/ T10 only
what’s special about rib 11 and 12
That are floating ribs so there are no ant. bony articulations only articulate w/ 1 vertebra no neck/tubercle
what is the Costal Margins (borders)?
a) continuous border formed by costal cartilages ribs 7-10
b) form costal arch (or synonymous with)
c) infrasternal angle (aka subcostal angle) @xiphoid
What are the Demifacet details?
➔ T1: only IDF ➔ T2-T9: SDF articulate w/ corresponding rib ➔ T1- T8: IDF articulate w/ next rib down (T9 doesn’t need inf. facet) ➔ T10-T12: only 1 demifacet ea.
What kind of joint in the sternal angle?
secondary cartilaginous jt fibrocartilaginous disc
what are the boundaries of the superior and inferior thoracic apertures?
- Superior Thoracic Aperture bounded by: T1, 1st ribs, manubrium
- Inferior Thoracic Aperture T12, 11th/12th ribs, costal margins, xiphisternal jt diaphragm
Tell me about Interchondral joints
a) btwn costal cartilages of ribs (6-7), (7-8), (8-9), (9-10) b) (6-7), (7-8), (8-9): synovial planar jts c) (9-10): fibrous
Tell me about the sterncostal joints
1st joint is a primary cartilaginous joint 2-7 synovial plane joint
what are the accessory muscles of respiration
(1) SCM (sternocleidomastoid) (2) Pec. Minor/ Major (3) Serratus Ant. (4) Ant., Mid., Post. Scalene mm. (5) Quadratus Lumborum
what are the primary respiratory muscles?
(1) SPS- Serratus Posterior Superior (Netter 177) (2) SPI- Serratus Posterior Inferior (3) LC- Levatorum Costarum (4) IC- Intercostal mm (Netter 179) (a) external V in front, A in back (b) internal A in front, V in back (c) innermost A in front, V in back (5) TT- Transversus Thoracis (6) SC- Subcostal mm
what are the 3 dermatome landmarks?
a) T4 - Nipple b) T10 - umbilicus c) L1 - inguinal region
What intercostal spaces does the musculophrenic artery and vein supply/drain?
spaces 7, 8, 9
What intercostal spaces does the internal thoracic artery and vein supply/drain?
Spaces 1-6
what are the true ribs?
1-7
What kind of Joint is the Xiphisternal joint?
Primary cartilaginous
where is the corniculate cartilage?
Where is the ventiricle of the larynx?
on top of the arytenoid.
Between vocal and vestibular folds.
What nerve innervates the larynx?
Reccurent laryngeal nerve, a branch of the vagus nerve. Both motor and sensory
What innervates the perietal peritneum? Visceral peritoneum?
Perietal is innervated by Intercostal nerves, which sense pain.
Visceral is not innervated.
Where does pleuritis refer to?
Cutaneous pain of thoracic and abdominal walls
What is a Hydrothorax?
What is a Hemothorax?
Fluid in the pleral cavity
Blood in the pleura cavity
Both result in collapsed lung.
What fissure is present inthe right lung but absent in the left lung?
Horizontal fissure
Primary secondary and teritiary bronchi; what do each of them supply?
a Lung. a lobe, and segment.
What are the three openings of the diaphragm?
- Esophageal Hiatus is for the esophagus, vagus, BV, Lymphatics
- Caval opening in for IVC
- Aortic Hiatus is for aorta and thoracic duct, surrounded by Left and right Crus
What inneravtes the diaphragm?
- C3, C4, C5 mostly moto. Pain only felt in central tendon.
- Intercostal nerves provide sensory innervation to peripheral diaphragm
- bilateral idiot!
