Thorax anatomy

Question 1

Boundaries of thoracic inlet

Answer 1

T1 and longus colli
first ribs
manubrium of sternum

Question 2

structures passing through thoracic inlet

Answer 2

esophagus
trachea
external jug vv
common carotid aa
vagosympathetic trunks
recurrent laryngeal nn
roots of phrenic nn

Question 3

boundaries of thoracic outlet

Answer 3

last vertebra
last ribs costal arch
xiphoid
diaphragm

Question 4

where do the intercostal aa branch from?

Answer 4

aorta

Question 5

where do the dorsal intercostal vv dump into?

Answer 5

azygous v

Question 6

where do the ventral intercostal vv dump into?

Answer 6

internal thoracic v

Question 7

which side of the rib do the intercostal van run?

Answer 7

caudal

Question 8

where is the origin of the phrenic n?

Answer 8

C5,6,7

Question 9

what runs through the aortic hiatus?

Answer 9

aorta, thoracic duct, azygous v

Question 10

where is the aortic hiatus?

Answer 10

between R and L crua

Question 11

what are the parts of the diaphragm?

Answer 11

muscular: sternal, costal, lumbar (L and R crua)
tendinous: central tendon

Question 12

where is the esophageal hiatus and what runs through it?

Answer 12

in R crus, esophagus and ventral/dorsal vagal trunks

Question 13

where is the caval foramen and what runs through it

Answer 13

R side of central tendon, caudal vena cava

Question 14

cupula of diaphragm

Answer 14

most cranial part

Question 15

What are the consequences of losing one phrenic nerve?

Answer 15

minimal effect

Question 16

parietal pleura

Answer 16

2 regions
costal: lines ribs and intercostal music
diaphragmatic lines diaphragm

Question 17

mediastinal pleura

Answer 17

lines space between 2 lungs

Question 18

pericardial pleura

Answer 18

part of the mediastinal pleura on either side of pericardium

Question 19

If one side of the pleural sac collapses, the other side will…

Answer 19

likely also collapse

Question 20

pleura cupulae

Answer 20

cup like bubbles at cranial extent of each lung that protrude short distance into neck
can be injured in penetrating wounds at base of neck

Question 21

pulmonary lig

Answer 21

connection btwn pulmonary and mediastinal pleurae at hilus of lung

Question 22

plica venae cavae

Answer 22

mediastinal pleura on the R side that surrounds the caudal vena cava and R phrenic n

Question 23

mediastinal recess

Answer 23

small pleural space medial to plica vena cava that is occupied by the accessory lobe

Question 24

cranial mediastinum

Answer 24

cranial to heart
dorsal portion: esophagus, trachea, great vessels,
middle/ventral: thymus, internal thoracic aa, vv, cranial mediastinal ln

Question 25

middle mediastinum

Answer 25

contains heart dorsal part: esophagus, tracheal bifurcation, root of lung, tracheobronchial ln, aortic arch middle/ventral: heart, pleura tissue

Question 26

caudal mediastinum

Answer 26

dorsal portion: esophagus, aorta, R azygous

Question 27

costodiaphragmatic recess

Answer 27

where pleura reflects from lungs to diaphragm open space

Question 28

superficial spur vein

Answer 28

may get injured by spurs of riders avoid this vein in thoracocentesis