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Normal animal Exam 2 > Carnivore abdomen > Flashcards

Carnivore abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

cranial abdominal region

A

xiphoid region in middle, R/L hypochondriac (cranial to umbilicus under ribs)

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2
Q

middle abdominal region

A

umbilical,
R/L lateral flank (Ventral)
paralumbar fossa (dorsal)

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3
Q

caudal abdominal region

A

pubic region
R/L inguinal

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4
Q

paralumbar fossa

A 
upper part of lateral abdominal region
triangular depression (boundaries: hip/ilium, last rib, lumbar vertebra)
clinically important to listen to rumen in ruminants
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5
Q

boundaries of abdominal cavity

A

cranial: diaphragm
caudal: pelvic inlet
dorsal: lumbar/sacral vertebrae, diaphragmatic crua, hypaxial musc
lateral and ventral: and musc

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6
Q

superficial fascia

A

encloses cutaneous trunci
only in carnivores
continuous and movable, not attached to spinous processes or linea alba

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7
Q

deep fascia

A

thoracolumbar fascia
tunica flavis abdominis (large animals)

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8
Q

internal fascia

A

attach to parietal layer of pleura/peritoneum
endothoracic and endoabdominal

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9
Q

endoabdominal fascia

A

internal fascia
lining abdominal cavity extends into pelvic cavity

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10
Q

endothoracic fascia

A

internal fasciA
lines thoracic cavity

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11
Q

linea alba

A

ventral midline tendonous structure
from xiphoid to pubis
can cut during sx on midline (no muscles, less bleeding, heals slowly)

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12
Q

linea alba is an attachment site for

A

ventrolateral abd musc
falciform lig
median lig of bladder

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13
Q

umbilicus

A

scar on ventral midline
landmark for surgical incisions
vortex hair grows in a whirl

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14
Q

umbilical hernia

A

umbilicus not closed

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15
Q

liver location

A

against diaphragm
in xiphoid, R/L hypochondriac regions
mostly on R side

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16
Q

needle biopsy location of liver

A

R; 7th intercostal space
L; caudodorsal to xiphoid

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17
Q

simple monolocular stomach

A

one chamber

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18
Q

complex multiocular stomach

A

more than one chamber in stomach

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19
Q

stomach relatively fixed portions

A

cardiac and pyloric extremities

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20
Q

where are the cardia, fundus, and body of stomach located?

A

Left of midline

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21
Q

glandular vs composite stomach

A

simple glandular: has glands
composite: has glandular and non glandular regions

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22
Q

canine stomach

A

simple glandular
U-shaped
pyloric R of midline

23
Q

feline stomach

A

angulated (J shaped)
pyloric near midline

24
Q

empty stomach

A

cannot be palpated, no contact w abd floor
in intrathoracic part of abd cavity
caudal border of spleen follows L costal arch

25
moderately full stomach
lies under last 4 ribs contacts abd floor spleen protrudes over costal arch
26
very full stomach
forms a round uniform sac reaches level of L2-4, and pelvic brim reaches R/L body walls extensive contact w abd floor easily palpated displacement of spleen and L kidney caudally
27
stomach tube measurement
length marked by measure from nose to last rib
28
cranial duodenum
fixed to liver but can move up/down w pyloric end may be cranial or caudal to pancreas (depending on position of stomach) cranial duodenum flexure right at ribs 9-10 relatively mobile
29
anatomical retractor for R lumbar area
descending duodenum
30
descending duodenum
after cranial duodenum, before ascending R side bile and pancreas ducts caudal duodenum flexure right near Tuber Coxae cranial to R kidney anatomical retractor to explore R lumbar area
31
mesoduodenum contains
R lobe of pancreas
32
ascending duodenum
extends cranially in median plane almost reaches greatest curvature of stomach ends at duodenojejunal flexure mesoduodenum is attached to desc mesocolon (duodenocolic fold)
33
duodenalcolic fold
mesoduodenum from ascending duodenum attaches to the mesocolon landmark for "running of the bowel" during celiotomy transition from short to long mesentery
34
jujenal arches/arcades
branches with arches off arteries to jejunum on lesser curvature side
35
lesser (mesenteric) curvature
inner of circle of jejunem, has jujenal arcades
36
greater (anitmesenteric) curvature
outer of circle in jejunem opposite jujenal arcades (blood supply) cut here during sx for less bleeding
37
most common part of the small intestine for intussusception
ileum
38
junction between ilium and cecum/colon in dogs vs cats
- dog: iliocolic junction, sphincter (bypass cecum) - cat: iliocecocolic junction
39
ileum
terminal part of small intestine ends dorsally on R side of body to the R of the ascending duodenum and L of descending duodenum opens into ascending colon short mesentery, straight vessels with antimesenteric blood supply
40
pancreas
R/L lobes, body V shaped in sublumbar region L lobe: across stomach body: near pylorus R lobe: decending colon
41
cecum
diverticulum of colon R side of cranial abd close to dorsal body wall (dorsal to jujenum) ends at cecocolic oriface (ascending colon)
42
cecum in cat vs dog
in the cat the cecum smoothly joins the ascending colon, small bud dog: larger, S shaped
43
ascending colon
short in R dorsal part of abd cavity R to cranial mesenteric a. R colic flexure
44
anatomical retractor of L lumbar region
descending colon
45
Transverse colon
cranial to root of mesentery and cranial to cranial mesenteric artery left colic flexure
46
descending colon
left to midline and cranial mesenteric a. at pelvic inlet it continues as the rectum
47
mesocolon
short continuous mesentery, less movable
48
adrenal glands
* cortex and medulla * above kidney * highly nourished with blood vessels
49
cortex of adrenal glands
lacks nerve supply essential to life
50
medulla of adrenal gland
abundant nerve supply cells= sympathetic postganglionics not essential for life
51
kidneys
retroperitoneal on either side of aorta/caudal vena cava
52
R/L kidney
R is more cranial L is less firmly attached
53
dog vs cat kidneys
dog kidneys are more cranial palpation is easier in cats R kidney in dog is often non palpable
54
urinary bladder
danger of being cut if it is not expressed prior to surgery can be palpated

Normal animal Exam 2 (14 decks)

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