Thorax anatomy

Question 1

which lymph nodes drain most of the breast?

Answer 1

Axillery

Question 2

what are the different types of ribs?

Answer 2

The top 7 ribs are true ribs, 8-10 are false ribs and 11-12 are floating ribs

Question 3

what is the parietal plaura inorvated by?

Answer 3

the costal - intercostal nerves

mediastium and diaphragmatic - phrenic nerve so its felt as referd pain to C 3 4 5 dermatome

Question 4

where do the lungs end?

Answer 4

anterior - 6th rib
midaxillery - 8th rib
posterior - 10th rib

Question 5

what is the bottom ring of cartilage on the trachea called?

Answer 5

carina

Question 6

which bronchus is food more likely to go down?

Answer 6

the right - it is wider and more vertical

Question 7

what is a bronchopulmonary segment?

Answer 7

the area of lung

supplied by a segmental bronchus and its accompanying pulmonary artery branch.

Question 8

where is the bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk?

Answer 8

The bifurcation of the pulmonary trunk occurs to

the left of the midline just inferior to vertebral level TIV /V

Question 9

what is the crista terminalis

Answer 9

a ridge of smooth muscle that divides the pectinate muscle origin and the right atrial appendages in the right atrium.

Question 10

what is the right auricular apendage

Answer 10

a small, ear-shaped sac in the muscle wall of the left atrium (top left chamber of the heart).
The auricle is a small sack that is lumpy on the inside due to ridges of muscles called musculi pectinanti.
it is derived from the embryonic primitive atrium.

Question 11

where does the coronary sinus drain into

Answer 11

directly into the right atrium

Question 12

whats is teh last ring of cartilage in teh trachea called

Answer 12

carina

Question 13

where do the left intercostals drain into

Answer 13

top ones -superiour intercostal vein
middle - acessory hemiazygous vein (then into the azygous)
bottom - hemiazygous vein (then into the azygous)

Question 14

what is teh oesophogus innorvated by

Answer 14

vagus nerve

Question 15

what innorvates the pectoral muscles

Answer 15

pectoralis nerve

Question 16

whihc way do teh external interconstal muscles run

Answer 16

tits to pockets

Question 17

what provides oxygenated blood to teh lungs

Answer 17

bronchiol artherys

Question 18

what are the layers of the heart

Answer 18

Fiberous pericardium
serous pericrdium - parietal and viscerasl (epicardium)
myocardium
endocardoium

Question 19

where is a stethiscope placed to heart the heart sounds

Answer 19

aortic - second intercostal space right of the sternum
pulmonic - second intercostal space left of the sternum
Erbs point- 3rd intercostal space left of the sternum
tricuspid- 5th ics lower left sternal boarder, mitral - 5th intercostal space mid clavicular line

Question 20

what is the auricular appendage

Answer 20

a small ear lie outpouch made from teh embryonic primitive atrium, it is treberculated and serpeated from teh normal atria by te crista termanalis

Question 21

what does trabeculae carnea mean?

Answer 21

fleshy beams! yummuy!

Question 22

what are papillery muscels

Answer 22

connected to te chora tendenae to close teh c=valves of teh heart during contraction

Question 23

what are the variations in people for the posterior introventricular artery?

Answer 23

• 90% of people have a right posterior interventricular branch, 30% have a left and 10% have only a left one

Question 24

when do teh coronary arteries fill?

Answer 24

• Tyeh coronary arteries fill during diastole when the heart is not contracting and the oressure is reduced in the myocardiou but is hight nteh aorta

Question 25

what supplies teh SAN

Answer 25

• The sino-atrial node is supplied by the right coronary artery in 60% of hearts and the left in 40% this is because its supplied by the posteriour interventricular artery in all hearts and in 90% this coumes from the right

Question 26

where is teh SAN located

Answer 26

• the sinoatrial node is located on the crista terminalis (a ridge of tissue on the
inside between the right atrium and right atrial appendage) just where the superior vena
cava enters the right atrium

Question 27

whee does teh coronary sinus drain into

Answer 27

teh right atrium

Question 28

when does the aorta become teh arch of the aorta

Answer 28

when it moves into te superior medastinum - so above teh second rib

Question 29

does teh vagus nerve pass behind or infront of teh hylum of teh lungs

Answer 29

behind

Question 30

where does teh right reacurrent laryngeal nerve pass?

Answer 30

under the righ braciocephalic arthery

Question 31

where is most of teh bodys lymph drained into

Answer 31

the thorassic duct

Question 32

what are the importatn nerves that come out of thorax ganglia

Answer 32

• T5-T12 of the thoracic ganglia come together to form the 3 splanchnic nerves
  
  • T5- 9 supply the foregut, T10 - 11 the mid and T 12 the hind gut

Question 33

what are teh main branches of the azygous system

Answer 33

azygous vein on the right, at the left at teh top if teh accessory hemiazygous, then teh hemiazgous below, both drain inot teh azygous