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Advanced Anatomy > Thoracic Wall and Cavity > Flashcards

Thoracic Wall and Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Junction of manubrium and body of sternum

A 
Sternal Angle (of Louis)
T4-T5
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2
Q

Above manubrium (notch above the sternum)

A

Suprasternal (Jugular) notch

T2-T3

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3
Q

Part of sternum at T9-T10

A

Xiphoid process

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4
Q

Vertebral levels of root of the spine of scapula to inferior angle of scapula

A

T4-T8

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5
Q

Borders of thoracic outlet

A

Xiphisternal joint - anterior
Costochondral junctions and 12th ribs - lateral
Body of T12 - posterior

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6
Q

Borders of thoracic inlet

A

Top of manubrium - anterior
1st ribs - lateral
Body of T1 - posterior

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7
Q

Costovertebral joint

A

Head of rib and vertebral body at and above its level

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8
Q

Costotransverse joint

A

Tubercle of rib and transvers process of vertebra at its level

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9
Q

Landmarks of rib (4)

A

Head - articulates with sup and inf vertebral bodies

Tubercle - articulates with transverse process of vertebra

Body/shaft - point of greatest curvature

Costal groove - protects intercostal NAV bundle

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10
Q

What is found in the costal groove?

A

Intercostal Nerve
Posterior Intercostal Artery
Posterior Intercostal Vein

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11
Q

Which nerve is found in the intercostal groove of the 12th rib?

A

Subcostal Nerve

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12
Q

Costochondral joint

A

Between tip of rib and articular cartilage

No movement

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13
Q

Sternocostal joint

A

articular cartilage of rib and sternum

1st rib is primary cartilaginous
Rest of the ribs are synovial plane-type joints

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14
Q

Function of suspensory ligaments in breast

A

fibrous tissue to support lactiferous glands

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15
Q

Where lactiferous ducts open

A

nipple

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16
Q

How many lactiferous glands per breast?

A

~20

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17
Q

Found between lactiferous glands and deep fascia covering the pectoral muscle.
Allows for movement and is where implants would go.

A

Retromammary space

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18
Q

Arteries of the mammary gland (3)

veins follow same names

A

Pectoral borders of the Thoracoacromial Trunk
Lateral Thoracic Artery
Internal Thoracic Artery

19
Q

Lymph nodes of mammary gland (3)

A

Apical axillary nodes
Central axillary nodes
Parasternal nodes

20
Q

75% of lymph drainage from breast goes where?

A

Central axillary nodes

21
Q

Thoracic muscles that go down and in (V)

A

External Intercostals

22
Q

Thoracic muscles that up and in (A)

A

Internal and Innermost Intercostals

23
Q

External intercostal muscles does not make it to sternum - stops around __________ and becomes ___________

A

costochondral junction

external (anterior) membrane

24
Q

Internal intercostal does not make it to vertebrae - becomes ___________

A

internal (posterior) intercostal membrane

25
Q

Muscle found in 3rd layer (posteriorly) of intercostal space - cross more than one IC space and elevate the ribs

A

Subcostal muscle

26
Q

Muscle found in 3rd layer (anteriorly) of intercostal space near ribs 2-6
Depresses the ribs

A

Transversus thoracis

27
Q

Increases intrathoracic volume; decreases intrathoracic pressure

A

Inspiration

28
Q

Decreases intrathoracic volume; increases intrathoracic pressure

A

Expiration

29
Q

Principle muscles of inspiration (2)

A

External Intercostals

Diaphragm

30
Q

Muscles of expiration in active breathing (2)

A

Internal intercostals

abdominals

31
Q

80% of the time, expiration results from

A

passive, elastic recoil of the lungs, rib cage, and diaphragm
(Quiet breathing)

32
Q

Anterior intercostal arteries branch from _________ and meet posterior intercostal arteries which branch from ________

A

Internal thoracic artery

Aorta

33
Q

At 6th IC space, the internal thoracic artery branches into the ____________ which goes to the abdomen, and the ______________ which goes to diaphragm

A

Superior epigastric artery

Musculophrenic artery

34
Q

Posterior intercostal veins branch from

A

Azygos vein

35
Q

Sensory nerves to abdomen; branches from T7 - T11

A

Thoracoabdominal Nerve

36
Q

Membrane lining thoracic cavity and lungs

A

Pleura

 - parietal (thoracic wall)
 - visceral (lungs)
37
Q

Four regions of parietal pleura

A

Cervical
Costal
Diaphragmatic
Mediastinal

38
Q

Innervation of costal and cervical parietal pleura

A

local intercostal nerves

39
Q

Innervation of mediastinal parietal pleura

A

phrenic nerve

40
Q

Innervation of diaphragmatic parietal pleura

A 
phrenic nerve (central)
local intercostals (peripheral)
41
Q

Muscles attached internally to parietal pleura via

A

endothoracic fascia

42
Q

Parietal pleura that has no innervation

A

visceral

43
Q

Four signs of carcinoma in breast (result from pulling on suspensory ligaments)

A

Skin dimpling
Abnormal contours
Edema of skin
Nipple retraction and deviation

Advanced Anatomy (13 decks)

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