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Advanced Anatomy > Posterior Abdominal Wall > Flashcards

Posterior Abdominal Wall Flashcards

1
Q

muscular part of the diaphragm converges at the

A

central tendon

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2
Q

chief muscle of inspiration

A

diaphragm

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3
Q

3 parts of diaphragm

A

Right dome
Left dome
Right and left crus

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4
Q

strips of muscle that help give integrity to the holes in the diaphragm

A

left and right crus

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5
Q

right crus loops around the _____ _____

A

esophageal hiatus

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6
Q

3 main openings in diaphragm

A 
Caval opening (T8)
Esophageal hiatus (T10)
Aortic hiatus (T12)

I 8 10 Eggs At 12

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7
Q

What goes through caval opening?

A

vena cava

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8
Q

What goes through aortic hiatus?

A

aorta
azygos vein
thoracic duct

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9
Q

Motor supply to diaphragm is from

A

Left and right phrenic nerves

C3, C4, C5 keeps the diaphragm alive!

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10
Q

central sensory supply to diaphragm is from

A

phrenic nerves

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11
Q

peripheral sensory supply to diaphragm is from

A

intercostal and subcostal nerves

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12
Q

Muscles of posterior wall (3-4)

A

Psoas major
- Psoas minor
Quadratus Lumborum
Iliacus

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13
Q

Iliacus and Psoas major combine to have a single insertion through the _____

A

Iliopsoas

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14
Q

Iliopsoas inserts on

A

lesser trocanter of femur

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15
Q

Borders of quadratus lumborum

A

superior - diaphragm
inferior - iliac crest
medial - psoas major
lateral - lateral margin

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16
Q

function of kidneys

A

remove excess water, salts, and wastes

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17
Q

position of kidneys

A

between T12 and L3, near ribs 11 and 12

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18
Q

Contents of the renal hilum

A

renal pelvis/ureter
renal vein
renal artery

19
Q

tightly adhered to kidney and continuous with the vessels entering and exiting the kidney

A

fibrous renal capsule

20
Q

attaches kidney to posterior abdominal wall

A

renal fascia

21
Q

prevents the spread of infections within the kidney

A

perirenal fat

22
Q

mainly posterior and serves as cushion/protection for kidney

A

pararenal fat

23
Q

Two main parts of renal tissue

A

Renal cortex

Renal medulla

24
Q

Two parts of renal medulla

A

Renal pyramids

Renal papilla

25
Q

Renal papilla opens into successive sets of

A

calices (minor –> major)

26
Q

funnels trying to get the urine from each renal papilla to one place (renal pelvis)

A

calices

27
Q

renal arteries are branches of

A

abdominal aorta

28
Q

sit on top of kidneys and enclosed by renal fascia

A

suprarenal (adrenal) glands

29
Q

adrenal cortex secretes

A

corticosteroids and androgens

30
Q

adrenal medulla secretes

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

31
Q

3 arteries and 1 vein that supply each adrenal gland

A

superior adrenal arteries
inferior adrenal arteries
middle adrenal arteries
adrenal vein

32
Q

superior adrenal arteries branch from

A

inferior phrenic artery

33
Q

middle adrenal artery branches from

A

abdominal aorta

34
Q

inferior adrenal artery branches form

A

renal artery

35
Q

adrenal vein empties into

A

renal vein

36
Q

branches of abdominal aorta (9)

A 
Inferior phrenic arteries
Middle suprarenal arteries (L/R)
Celiac trunk
Superior mesenteric artery
Inferior mesenteric artery
Renal arteries (L/R)
Gonadal arteries (L/R)
Lumbar arteries (L/R)
Common iliac arteries (L/R)
   - median sacral artery
37
Q

How many (typically) lumbar arteries branching from each side of aorta?

A

4

38
Q

abdominal aorta bifurcates into

A

common iliac arteries

median sacral artery (straight down)

39
Q

Veins that empty into IVC (7)

A 
Hepatic
Inferior phrenic
Suprarenal veins (L/R)
Renal veins (L/R)
Gonadal veins (L/R)
      - left gonadal empties into left renal
Lumbar veins (L/R)
Common Iliac veins (L/R)
40
Q

left gonadal vein empties into _______

right gonadal vein empties into ______

A

Left renal vein

IVC

41
Q

Nerves of posterior abdominal wall

Some Indian Ink Lasts For Generations Or Longer

A 
Subcostal (T12)
Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)
Lateral cutaneous of thigh (L2, L3)
Femoral (L2-L4)
Genitofemoral (L1, L2)
Obturator (L2-L4)
Lumbosacral (L4-L5)
42
Q

when wall of aorta is weak and prone to rupture

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

43
Q

loin to groin pain indicates

A

renal calculus (kidney stone)

Advanced Anatomy (13 decks)

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