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Advanced Anatomy > Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region > Flashcards

Anterior Abdominal Wall & Inguinal Region Flashcards

1
Q

upper part of abdomen, formed by ribs 8,9,10 getting togetehr

A

Subcostal margin

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2
Q

Defect in linea alba; where all layers of the anteriolateral abdominal wall fuse

A

Umbilicus

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3
Q

running vertically along entire length of abdominal wall; transmits small vessels and nerves to the skin

A

Linea alba

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4
Q

curved tendon on either side of the rectus abdominis

A

Linea semilunaris

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5
Q

Where abdominal muscle and sheath fold over

A

Inguinal fold

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6
Q

Lines of orientation of abdominal wall

A

Median plane

Transumbilical

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7
Q

Quadrants of ab wall

A

RUQ - liver and gallbladder
LUQ - stomach and spleen
RLQ - cecum and appendix
LLQ - sigmoid colon

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8
Q

Superficial fascia of abdominal wall

A

Camper’s fascia

Scarpa’s fascia

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9
Q

Superficial fatty layer of fascia

A

Camper’s Fascia

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10
Q

Deep membranous layer of fascia that lays over top of ab muscles

A

Scarpa’s fascia

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11
Q

Four bilaterally paired muscles of abdominal wall

A

External abdominal oblique
Internal abdominal oblique
Transversus abdominis
Rectus abdominis

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12
Q

Most superficial of abdominal muscles

produces inguinal ligament

A

External abdominal oblique

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13
Q

Intermediate layer of abdominal muscles
Male-Cremaster muscle
Conjoint tendon with transversus abdominus

A

Internal abdominal oblique

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14
Q

Conjoint tendon with internal abdominal oblique

deepest layer of abdominal muscles

A

Transversus abdominis

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15
Q

Long strap-like muscle with tendinous intersections that are attached to and covered by rectus sheath

A

Rectus abdominis

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16
Q

Fiber orientation of external oblique

A

V

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17
Q

fiber orientation of internal oblique

A

A

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18
Q

Two muscles that make the conjoint tendon

A

internal oblique

transversus abdominus

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19
Q

internal oblique is continuous with _______ _______ in males

A

Cremaster muscle

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20
Q

conjoint tendon extends to ________ ________

A

pubic tubercle

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21
Q

All 3 flat muscles end anteriorly with an _________, the midline of which forms the tough ________ ________.
Aponeuroses form ______ ______ which goes from xyphoid process to pubic symphysis

A

Aponeurosis

Rectus sheath

Linea alba

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22
Q

Demarcates the transition between the posterior rectus sheath covering the superior 3/4 of the rectus abdominis and the transversalis fascia covering the inferior 1/4

A

Arcuate line

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23
Q

ABOVE arcuate line, tendon of ________ ________ splits to enclose rectus abdominis

A

internal oblique

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24
Q

BELOW the arcuate line, the only thing going behind the rectus abdominis is the _______ ________

A

Transversalis fascia

25
Q

Innervates the umbilicus

26
Q

Two nerves from L1

A

Ilioinguinal

Iliohypogastric

27
Q

Blood supply of abdominal wall (4)

A

Superior epigastric artery
Inferior epigastric artery
Posterior intercostal arteries
Subcostal artery

28
Q

Terminal branch of Internal thoracic artery

A

superior epigastric artery

29
Q

Branch of external iliac artery

A

Inferior epigastric artery

30
Q

Innervation of skin and muscles of abdominal wall

A

Inferior 6 intercostal nervers (T6-T11) + lateral and anterior cutaneous branches and thoracoabdominal nerves

Subcostal nerve (T12)

Ilioinguinal nerve (L1)

Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)

31
Q

Inferior most part of the external oblique aponeurosis

A

Inguinal ligament

32
Q

Inferomedial passageway through inferior part of anterior abdominal wall
Potential site for hernias

A

Inguinal canal

33
Q

Contents of inguinal canal

A

Spermatic cord (Males
Round ligament of uterus (Female)
Ilioinguinal nerve
Blood and lymphatics

34
Q

Entrance into and out of the inguinal canal

A

inguinal rings

35
Q

Internal opening of inguinal canal is the _____ _____ _____

External opening of the inguinal canal is the ____ _____ _____

A

Deep inguinal ring

Superficial inguinal ring

36
Q

protrusion of parietal peritoneum and viscera through opening in abdominal cavity

A

Inguinal hernia

37
Q

Direct inguinal hernia

A

hernial sac passes medial to inferior epigastric artery

pushes forward into inguinal triangle

typically acquired

38
Q

Indirect inguinal hernia

A

hernial sac passes lateral to the inferior epigastric artery

pushes into the deep inguinal ring

traverses the inguinal canal

typically congenital

39
Q

Hasselbach’s triangle is made by:

A

rectus abdominis
inferior epigastric vessels
inguinal ligament

40
Q

Fetal testes descend in weeks __ - __

41
Q

Gubernaculum

A

attaches to the gonads, in males it pulls the testes from the abdomen through the inguinal canal and into the scrotum

42
Q

Processus vaginalis

A

outpouching of peritoneum; layers of abdominal pulled down with testes

43
Q

Contents of spermatic cord

A

Testicular artery
Pampiniform Plexus of Veins - cools blood
Ductus deferens

44
Q

Coverings of spermatic cord - relation to abdominal wall structures

A

Internal spermatic fascia - Transversalis fascia

Cremaster muscle and fascia - internal oblique

External spermatic fascia - external oblique

45
Q

Layers of scrotum

A

Skin

Dartos fascia (and Dartos muscle)

46
Q

causes scrotum to wrinkle when cold

A

Dartos muscle

47
Q

Pouch of serous membrane covering testes; remnant from peritoneal lining

A

Tunica vaginalis

48
Q

located on superior and posterolateral surface of the testes

A

epididymis

49
Q

tail of epididymis becomes the

A

ductus (vas) deferens

50
Q

due to the binding of the gubernaculum to the uterus in females, the female develops

A

Ovarian ligament

Round ligament of the uterus

51
Q

ductus deferens is bilaterally ligated; can be cauterized or tied

52
Q

veins of pampiniform plexus become varicose

A

Varicocele

53
Q

Skin of abdominal wall become which layer in spermatic cord?

A

Skin (scrotum)

54
Q

Scarpa’s fascia becomes which layer in spermatic cord?

A

Dartos muscle/fascia (scrotum)

55
Q

External oblique becomes which layer in spermatic cord?

A

External spermatic fascia

56
Q

Internal oblique becomes which layer in spermatic cord?

A

Cremaster muscle and fascia

57
Q

Transversalis fascia becomes which layer in spermatic cord?

A

Internal spermatic fascia

58
Q

Peritoneum becomes which layer in spermatic cord?

A

Tunica vaginalis

Advanced Anatomy (13 decks)

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